Anti-Emetic and Anti-Ulcer Drugs Flashcards
True or false: A combination of drugs is less effective than monotherapy in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
False.
Which of the following statements regarding proton pump inhibitors (drugs for peptic ulcer) is incorrect?
- Greater acid suppression can be achieved with proton pump inhibitors than H2 antagonists
- Proton pump inhibitors target the proton pump in the membrane of parietal cells
- An example of a proton pump inhibitor is omeprazole
- The drug target on the proton pump is a H+/K+ ATPase
- Proton pump inhibitors competitively bind to, and transiently inactivate, an ATPase
Proton pump inhibitors target the proton pump in the membrane of parietal cells
Which one of the following is NOT a treatment approach for peptic ulcer?
- Neutralising the acid after it is released
- Increasing histamine formation
- Using antibiotics
- Blocking acetylcholine receptors
- Reducing secretion of gastric acid
Increasing histamine formation.
True or false: In the management of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, there is no well-proven safe drug for health-conscious pregnant women.
False.
With regard to the use of antibiotics in the treatment of peptic ulcer, which one of the following statements is FALSE?
- Treatment with a single antibiotic is less effective than combination therapy.
- Clarithromycin is an antibiotic commonly used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.
- There is no research so far to support that antibiotics have convincing therapeutic effects in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
- Eradication of H pylori infection leads to rapid healing and low recurrence rate of peptic ulcer.
- International guidelines recommend using 2 or more antibiotics to increase the eradication rate of infection
There is no research so far to support that antibiotics have convincing therapeutic effects in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
Which of the following is a major defensive factor for peptic ulcer disease?
- excessive secretion of gastric acid
- excessive secretion of pepsin
- H pylori infection
- long term use of NSAIDs
- excessive secretion of prostagladin
excessive secretion of prostagladin
Which of the following is the most effective anti-muscarinic drug for prevention and treatment of motion sickness?
- dimenhydrinate
- metoclopamide
- promethazine
- scopolamine (hyoscine)
- tropisetron
scopolamine (hyoscine)
Which of the following is NOT a drug treatment approach for peptic ulcers?
- eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection
- neutralising the acid after it is released
- lowering stress levels
- increasing mucosal resistance
- reducing secretion of gastric acid
lowering stress levels
The side effects of cimetidine, gynecomastia, reduced libido, and impotence, are closely related to:
- muscle pain caused by cimetidine
- confusion caused by cimetidine
- pneumonia caused by cimetidine
- the antiandrogenic effect of cimetidine
the antiandrogenic effect of cimetidine
A patient is receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma. To prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, she is likely to be treated with which of the following drugs?
- sucralfate
- ondansetron
- methotrexate
- levodopa
- misoprostol
ondansetron
Which of the following statements regarding nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is FALSE?
- Hospitalisation for NVP is extremely uncommon (< 0.01%)
- NVP is thought to be related to the rapid changes in hormone level
- Women who are more likely to have nausea from birth control pills, migraines, or motion sickness are at higher risk for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy
- Vomiting occurs in approximately 50% of pregnancies
- Psychological factors may also contribute to NVP
Vomiting occurs in approximately 50% of pregnancies
Which statement regarding glucocorticoids is FALSE?
- Glucocorticoids stimulate the synthesis of anti-inflammatory agents such as annexin
- Glucocorticoids stimulate the transcription of genes for COX-2
- High dose of glucocorticoids can cause hyperglycaemia
- Glucocorticoids reverse inflammation caused by bacteria
- Glucocorticoids can be used in controlling symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
Glucocorticoids stimulate the transcription of genes for COX-2
What class of antiemetic drugs can cause the extrapyramidal effects (e.g. Parkinsonism)?
- histamine H1 receptor antagonists
- muscarinic antagonists
- 5HT3 receptor antagonists
- dopamine antagonists
- neurokinin NK1 receptor antagonists
dopamine antagonists
