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Anti-bleeding > Anti-Coagulents > Flashcards

Anti-Coagulents Flashcards

1
Q

4 general reasons to use an anti-coagulant

A

Deep vein thrombosis
Mechanical heart valves
Atrial fibrillation
Inherited clot disorders

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2
Q

MAO of heparin

A

Catalyze anti-thrombin III binding to 2,9,10,11,12

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3
Q

Unfractioned heparin is produced by

A

Mast cells

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4
Q

Basic repeating unit of unfractioned heparin and binds to______.

A

Pentasaccharide binds to anti-thrombin III

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5
Q

Heparin catalyze inactivation of multiple coagulation factors including

A

Factor Xa & Thrombin

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6
Q

How long does anticoagulation effect last after sub cutaneous injection?

A

1-2 hours

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7
Q

Excessive bleeding & complications of Heparin can be overcome by administering:

A

Protamine sulfate

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8
Q

For Heparin induced thrombocytopenia use __________ such as ________

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors
Such as:
Argatroban
Lepirudin

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9
Q

LMWH is ______ than UFH at therapeutic doses

A

4 times longer

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10
Q

Monitoring of UFH by

A

Activated partial thromboplastin time

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11
Q

3 bilvalent direct thrombin inhibitors

A

Hirudin
Bivalirudin
Lepirudin

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12
Q

3 monovalent direct thrombin inhibitors

A

Argatroban (IV)
Melagatran (oral)
Dabigatran (oral)

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13
Q

Direct thrombin inhibitor safe to use in liver disease

A

Bilvalirudin

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14
Q

Advantage to use a direct thrombin inhibitor over UFH and LMWH

A

They inhibit both circulating and clot-bound thrombin

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15
Q

MAO of warfarin

A

Inhibits γ-carboxylation of vitamin K coagulation factors

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16
Q

Warfarin anticoagulant is manifested after_______, while heparin anticoagulation is seen________.

A

Warfarin: 3-4 days
Heparin: immediately

17
Q

Can warfarin cross the placenta?

A

Yes

18
Q

FFP and PCC contain

A

Vitamin k-dependent coagulation factors (factor 2,7,9,10)

Protein C & Protein S

19
Q

Antidote to warfarin toxicity

A

Vitamin K

20
Q

A patient is given prosthetic heart valves and placed on warfarin and _____ given prophylactically.

A

Dipyridamole

21
Q

Adverse effects of ticlopidine and clopidogrel

A

Thrombocytopenic Purpera
Aplastic anemia
Agranulocytosis

22
Q

Activation of some anti platelet drugs can be inhibited by ______.

A

Omeprazole

23
Q

Streptokinase is obtained from

A

Group C beta-hemolytic streptococci

24
Q

MAO of thrombolytics

A

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) converts plasminogen to plasmin

25
Q

MAO of plasmin

A

Degrades fibrin

26
Q

Emergency management of coronary thrombosis, DVT, PE, Strokes

A

Thrombolytics

27
Q

Fibrinolytics must be given within ___hours of acute MI

A

3 hours

28
Q

Treatment of fibrinolytic-induced bleeding

A

Aminocaproic acid &

Tranexamic acid

Anti-bleeding (2 decks)

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