Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiac > Anti-coagulation and Bleeding risk > Flashcards

Anti-coagulation and Bleeding risk Flashcards

1
Q

What is warfarin

A

Vitamin K antagonist

Increases prothrombin time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is prothrombin time

A

the time in which it takes blood to clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is INR

A
  • Assesses how anti-coagulated a person is on warfarin by comparing their prothrombin time with that of a normal healthy adult
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the INR aimed for in a patient with AF

A

2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Warfarin is affected by which enzyme system in the liver

A

cytochrome P450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What everyday things influence cyctochrome P450

A

leafy greens
cranberry juice
alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you reverse warfarin

A

vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you reverse warfarin

A

vitamin K

warfrin has a half like of 1-3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the half life of a NOAC and can you reverse it

A

Can’t reverse a NOAC

half life 7-15 hour half life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Advantages of NOACS

A

No monitoring is required
No major interaction problems
Equal or slightly better than warfarin at preventing strokes in AF
Equal or slightly less risk of bleeding than warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the CHA2DS2-VASc tool

A

This is a tool for assessing whether a patient with atrial fibrillation should be started on anticoagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does CHA2DS2-VASc take into account

A 
C – Congestive heart failure
H – Hypertension                                      
A2 – Age >75 (Scores 2)
D – Diabetes
S2 – Stroke or TIA previously (Scores 2)
V – Vascular disease                                 
A – Age 65-74
S – Sex (female)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the HAS-BLED tool

A

an assessment tool for establishing a patient’s risk of major bleeding whilst on anticoagulation. It can be used prior to initiating anticoagulation or as a monitoring tool in patients with a high risk of bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of a pacemaker

A

deliver controlled electrical impulses to specific areas of the heart to restore the normal electrical activity and improve the heart function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the indications of a Pacemaker

A

Symptomatic bradycardias
Mobitz Type 2 AV block
Third degree heart block
Severe heart failure (biventricular pacemakers)
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (ICDs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long do pacemakers last

A

5 years

17
Q

What are Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators

A

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators continually monitor the heart and apply a defibrillator shock to cardiovert the patient back in to sinus rhythm if they identify a shockable arrhythmia.

Cardiac (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions