Anti-Bacterials - Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Name some antibacterial agents that target protein synthesis.
Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, oxazolidinones, fusidic acid.
How many proteins make up the bacterial ribosome?
Over 30.
Describe the four phases of bacterial protein synthesis.
Initiation, elongation, termination, ribosome recycling.
Which way is the mRNA translated?
5’-3’.
What are the ribosome sub-units required in the translation of mRNA?
30S and 50S.
What are the three initiation factors required in the translation of mRNA?
JF1, JF2 (GTP), JF3.
What is the initiator required in the translation of mRNA?
f-Met-tRNA-f-Met.
What does f-Met relate to?
N-formylmethionine.
What are the elongation factors required in the translation of mRNA?
EF-Tu (GTP), EF-Ts, EF-G.
What phase of bacterial protein synthesis do Oxazolidiones act upon?
Initiation.
What does IF3 do in bacterial protein synthesis?
It binds to the 30S subunit in the initiation phase, promoting dissociation of the ribosome into its two subunits and allowing 30S to form an initiation complex.
Where does IF1 bind in the initiation phase of bacterial protein synthesis? What effect does this have?
The base of the A-site of the 30S ribosomal subunit. This directs the initiator tRNA to the ribosomal P-site by blocking the A-site.
What does IF2 do in bacterial protein synthesis?
IF-2 is a small GTP-binding protein. IF-2-DTP bonds the initiator fMet-tRNAfMet and helps it dock with the small ribosomal subunit.
How is the initiation complex completed?
IF-2-GTP hydrolysed and IF3 released and 50S subunit binds.
Describe the oxazolidinone nucleus.
A 5-membered ring with a carbonyl group on in the top position, an oxygen to its right, and a nitrogen to its left.