Anti Asthma Drugs Flashcards
Anti asthma drugs types?
Long Term Management
Acute Relief
Long Term Management Asthma drugs?
- Corticosteroids
- Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitor
- Mast Cell Stabilizer
- Anti-IgE Antibody
Corticosteroids drugs?
– Fluticasone (most potent)
– Ciclesonide (long acting)
Corticosteroids mechanism of action?
• Intracellular signalling molecule downregulating the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response (↓ immune cell activation, ↓ leukocyte recruitment
• Increased expression of β2 receptors facilitating β2 adrenergist action (synergistic)
Corticosteroids Side Effects & Contraindications?
- Local immunosuppression – candidiasis, dysphonia
- Systemic effects – more prone to infection
- Adrenal suppression, osteoporosis
Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitor drugs?
Montelukast, Zafirlukast
• Limited use after advent of COX-2
inhibitors
Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitor mechanism of action?
• Decreased leukotriene production esp in NSAID induced asthma where substrates are shunted to lipooxygenase and leukotriene pathway
Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitor Side Effects & Contraindications?
Minimal
Mast Cell Stabilizer drugs?
Cromolyn
Mast Cell Stabilizer mechanism of action?
Downregulate mass cell activity and degranulation
by preventing IgE mediated activation
Mast Cell Stabilizer Side Effects & Contraindications?
- Throat irritation and dryness
* Coughing
Anti-IgE Antibody drugs?
Omalizumab
Anti-IgE Antibody mechanism of action?
Reduce IgE levels in the body
Anti-IgE Antibody Side Effects & Contraindications?
- Allergic reaction
* Expensive
Acute Relief drugs?
- β2 Adrenergist
- Methylxanthine
- Anti-muscarinics