Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiology > Anti-arrythmatics drugs > Flashcards

Anti-arrythmatics drugs Flashcards

1
Q

When are latent pacemakers more prone to acceleration of impulse?

A
  1. Respose to B-adrenoreceptors stim
  2. Hypokalemia
  3. Fiber Stretch
  4. Hypoxemia
  5. Acidosis
  6. Injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Class I Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Sodium channel blockers:

  1. Procainamide
  2. Quinedine
  3. Disopyramide
  4. Lidocaine
  5. Mexilitine
  6. Flecanide
  7. Propaferone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Class II Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Beta-Blockers:

  1. Atenolol
  2. Metoprolol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Class III Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Potassium Channel Blockers

  1. Aminodarone
  2. Sotolol*
  3. Dofetilide
  4. Ibutilide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Class IV Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

CCBs:

  1. Verapamil
  2. Diltiazem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MOA of Class I Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A
  1. Block Na+ channels which slows conduction in ectopic pacemakers (myocytes) - decreases slope of phase 0
  2. Increases refractory period by increasing the membrane voltage needed for a new depolarization (lowers phase 4)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOA of Class Ia Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Intermediate dissociation rate (T>1s)
*exception to rule: These PROLONG AP duration by also blocking K+ channels (@ High doses)

  • decrease slope of phase 0 (Na+)
  • also stretch phase 3 (K+)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Class Ia Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A
  1. Procainamide
  2. Quinidine
  3. Disopyramide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MOA of Class Ib Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Rapid dissociation rate (T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Class Ib Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A
  1. Lidocaine

2. Mexilitine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MOA of Class Ic Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A

Slow dissociation rate (T>10s)

- Pronounced slowing of Depolarization (decreased slope of phase 0)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prototype Class Ic Anti-arrhythmic Drug and its use?

A

Flecanide
- used in PTs w/ supraventricular arrhythmias w/o structural heart disease

-afib, aflutter, PSVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MOA of B-blockers (Class II) in regards to arrhythmias

A

Reduce the enhanced automaticity related to catecholamines and ischemia via slowing conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When are beta-blockers used to tx arrhythmias?

A

Supraventricular arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MOA of Class III Anti-Arrhythmatics?

A

Block K+ channels which delays phase 2 and 3* repolarization, and thus:

  • extends the AP duration
  • increases duration of effective refractory period
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What limits the use of Class III Anti-Arrhythmatics?

A

The delayed repolarization can result in prolonging the QT interval which increases the risk of early afterdepolarization (EAD) and Torsade de Pointe

17
Q

MOA of Class IV Anti-Arrhythmatics?

A

Reduce SA node automaticity and AV node conduction

  • little effect on fast conduction system (myocytes)
18
Q

Adverse effects and contraindications for CCBs as anti-arrhythmatics?

A

AE:

  • SA and AV block
  • Impaired myocardial contractility
  • hypotension

Contraind: CHF, Sinus Bradycardia, and AV block (prolonged PR interval)

19
Q

MOA of Digoxin

A

Anti-arrhythmic effects mediated by increased vagal nerve activity which:
- reduces SA node automaticity, and AV conduction

  • note: Completely diff MOA for it’s use in CHF (increasing Ca2+ availability)
  • This may have an arrhythmogenic effect (adverse)
20
Q

Use of digoxin as an anti-arrhythmatic?

A

Controls ventricular rate in supraventricular arrhythmias

21
Q

Use and MOA of Adenosine

A

Used to terminate acute PSVT by blocking AV node via its adenosine receptor

*Blocks AV node -> asystole (~3 seconds) then comes back

22
Q

Adverse effects of Adenosine as an anti-arrhythmatic?

A
  1. Chest tightness

2. Transient asystole (Flatline)

23
Q

Side effects of Class Ia Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

A
  1. drug-induced lupus (procainamide)
  2. Torsades de Pointes
  • usually occur w/ long-term use.
  • short-term IV use only (to limit side effects)
24
Q

Anti-arrhythmatic that causes urinary retention?

A

Disopyramide (Class Ia Anti-arrhythmatic)

25
Q

Exception of Lidocaine’s MOA

A
  • Not effective in the atria arrhythmias

- Ventricular arrhythmias only (highly effective)

26
Q

Contraindications for Flecainide?

A

Contraindicated in patients with structural heart disease!

- e.g. LV dysfunction and CHD

27
Q

Side effects of Amiodarone?

A
  1. Pulmonary fibrosis
  2. Photosensitivity Dermatitis (gray-blue skin)
  3. Corneal microdeposits (visual halos)
  4. Thyroid problems
  5. Proximal muscle weakness and Hepatitis

*CYP3A4

28
Q

What class anti-arrhythmatic is Sotalol?

A

K+ blocker (Class III)

*ALSO is a non-selective Beta-blocker

29
Q

Side effects and contraindications of Sotalol?

A

Same as for beta-blockers

  • asthma/ COPD
  • QT prolongation
  • Advanced renal insuficiency
  • advanced CHF
  • 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
  • sinus bradycardia
  • Can cause Torsade de pointe
30
Q

Drugs that may induce Torsade de pointe

A

Class III Anti-Arrhythmatics

  1. Aminodarone**
  2. Sotolol*
  3. Dofetilide
  4. Ibutilide

-Also Class Ia: Quinidine and Procaineamide

31
Q

Which drug is contraindicated in Wolff-Parkinson-White?

A

Digoxin

DO NOT give to PT w/ WPW
- because accessory pathway is atrial so digoxin can increase transmission of atrial impulses to the ventricles via this pathway

  • Ca2+ blockers and Lidocaine may also lead to v-fib
32
Q

Addition pharm effects of Amiodarone?

A

Also has B-blocking (Class II) and CCB activity (Class IV)

33
Q

What are the “Pure” K+ Channel blockers and what is unique about their Effect in tx of arrhythmias?

A
  1. Ibutilide
  2. Dofetilide

*Only used to tx atrial arrhythmias ( a-fib and A-flutter)

34
Q

Orally effective analog for lidocaine? and what side effect limits its use?

A

Mexilitine

GI distress (diarrhea) limits use

Cardiology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions