Anthelmintics Flashcards
Name the 5 major classes of anthelmintics
1-BZ (Benzimadazoles) 2-LEV (Imidathiazoles/ tetrahydropyrimidines) 3-ML (Macrocyclic Lactones) 4-AD (Amino acetonitrile derivatives) 5-SI (Spiroindoles)
What are the major classes of anthelmintics classified based on?
Mode of action
What is the Mode of Action of 1-BZs?
- bind to microtubule subunit protein (beta-tubulin)
- inhibit microtubule-mediated transport of secretory vesicles- prevents transport/ enzymes released)
What is the Mode of Action of 2-LEVs?
Act of nicotinic acetyl choline receptors- affect somatic muscle cells
What is the Mode of Action of 3-MLs?
- Act on NS of parasite (musculature + pharyngeal pumping)
- potenitators cause hyperpolarisation
Describe the spectrum of activity of 1-BZs
- not well absorbed systemically
- primarily targets nematodes
- ovicidal
- effective @ targetting hypobiosed larvae
Describe the spectrum of activity of 2-LEV/PYRs
- not well absorbed systemically
- primarily targets nematodes (gut dwelling stages, short acting)
Describe the spectrum of activity of 3-MLs
- well absorbed systemically
- ONLY effective against nematodes
- targets multiple nematode stages
- residual activity
Describe the spectrum of activity of 4-ADs
- targets adults + L4-larvae
- primarily targets nematodes
- relatively short-acting, no residual activity
Describe the spectrum of activity of 5-SIs
- narrow spectrum effective against some GI nematodes of sheep
- Gut-dwelling stages only
- effective against parasite species resistant to 1-BZ, 2-LEV, 3-ML
- short-acting
Which class of anthelmintics does ‘monepantel’ belong to?
4-AD
Which class of anthelmintics does ‘derquantel’ belong to?
5-SI
Which class of anthelmintics does ‘Fenbendazole’, ‘Albendazole’, ‘Flubendazole’ belong to?
1-BZ
Which class of anthelmintics does ‘Levamisole’ and ‘Pyrantel’ belong to?
2-LEV
Which class of anthelmintics do the ‘Avermectins’ and ‘Milbemycins’ belong to?
3-ML
