ANTH 170 Lab Practical 2 Flashcards

Question

U-shaped dental arcade

Answer 1

canines form corners, premolars and molars arranged in relatively PARALLEL rows

Answer 2

ROUNDED arc shape (sometimes called V-shape) molars and premolars NOT in parallel rows between left and right side of mouth

Answer 3

a unique dental feature found ONLY among members of the genus PARANTHROPUS these premolars resemble molars (larger, flatter, and broader) than a normally shaped premolar

Answer 4

Medial femoral condyle is on the medial side of the femur (same side as the femoral head - toward body's midline) Lateral femoral condyle is on the lateral side of the femur (toward the outside of the body) In bipeds, the medial femoral condyle is larger and extends further than the lateral femoral condyle (this unevenness keeps the tibia vertical and maintains knee alignment)

Answer 5

As hominins evolve, they have: Larger bodies and larger brains Less prognathism Smaller teeth Reliance on increasingly sophisticated tools for survival

Answer 6

First appeared in Africa ~2.4 to 2.1 Ma where it lived alongside Homo erectus and Paranthropus Persists until about 1.4 Ma First known hominin species to use tools (Oldowan tool industry); these tools were relatively crude

Answer 7

First appeared in Africa ~2 Ma where it lived alongside Homo habilis and Paranthropus First hominin species known outside of Africa Persisted until about 100,000 years ago in isolated parts of Asia Used large Acheulean cutting tools, occupied non-tropical environments, and possible had the first controlled use of fire

Answer 8

Replaces Homo erectus ~800 ka in Africa and Europe Persists until ~300-200 ka Known from Africa, Europe, and possibly Asia Have some key features shared with H. erectus and others with younger species (modern humans or Neanderthals) In Africa appears to evolve into H. sapiens In Europe appears to evolve into H. neanderthalensis

Answer 9

First appear in Africa ~300 ka First appears outside of Africa ~210 ka; in southern Greece, but this early dispersal may not have been permanent First appears in the Levant ~180 ka, southern China ~120-80 ka, elsewhere in Asia by ~50 ka, Australia ~50 ka, Europe (possibly more permanently) ~45 ka, the Americas between 20-15 ka

Answer 10

Smooth, raised area of bone located along the top of the cranial vault along the MIDLINE of the skull Potentially functions as a way to protect the brain from shocks when hit NOT a site for muscle attatchment Present in some species of genus Homo When present, can be more or less projecting

Answer 11

Smooth, raised area of bone right above the orbits (BROW RIDGE) Located on the frontal bone Can be more or less projecting

Answer 12

A DEEP GROVE right behind the supraorbital torus Located on the frontal bone Present in some species of genus Homo Can be deep or shallow when present

Answer 13

Smooth, raised area of bone on the occipital bone Can be more or less projecting

Answer 14

The area in the back of the skull where the skull is widest

Answer 15

A triangular gap behind the 3rd molar in the back of the mouth Characteristic feature of members of the species Homo neaderthalensis

Answer 16

A bony chin that extends past the teeth Characteristic feature of members of the species Homo sapiens

Answer 17

Earliest stone tools First appear ~2.6 Ma and persist for over 1 million years Relatively simple tool where a flake is removed from a core of fine-grained rock to produce a sharp cutting edge Flake is the likely tool, not the core Associated with H. habilis

Answer 18

First appear ~1.8 Ma and persist until ~250 ka Core flaked bifacially to produce relatively symmetrical "handaxe" The core is likely the tool, not the flake Associated with H. erectus

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ANTH 170 Lab Practical 2 Flashcards

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