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Anatomy (III) JH > Anterior Triangle of the Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

what are the boundaries of the Anterior Triangle of the Neck?

A

Anteriorly: Midline of neck
Posteriorly: Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
Superiorly: Inferior border of body of mandible

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2
Q

what are the muscle groups found in the Anterior Triangle of the Neck?

A
  • Infrahyoid muscles
  • Suprahyoid muscles
  • Anterior vertebral muscles
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3
Q

what muscles does the Infrahyoid muscle consists of?

A
  • Sternohyoid
  • Sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
  • Omohyoid
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4
Q

where is the Sternohyoid Located?

A

Located Superficially, medial to superior belly of omohyoid

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5
Q

what is the origin of the sternohyoid

A

posterior surfaces of manubrium of sternum and sternal end of clavicle

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6
Q

What is the insertion point of the Sternohyoid

A

Body of hyoid

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7
Q

what nerve supply the Sternohyoid

A

Ansa cervicales (C1-C3)

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8
Q

What is the action of the Sternohyoid

A

Depressess hyoid bone

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9
Q

Where is the Sternothyroid located?

A

Located deep to sternohyoid

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10
Q

what is the origin of Sternothyroid?

A

Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

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11
Q

where is the sternothyroid inserted?

A

Oblique line of thyroif cartilage

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12
Q

What nerve supply the Sternothyroid?

A

anas cervicalis (C1-C3)

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13
Q

what is the action of sternothyroid?

A

depresses larynx

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14
Q

Where is the Thyrohyoid located?

A

upward continuation of sternothyroid

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15
Q

what is the origin of the thyrohyoid?

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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16
Q

What is the insertion point of the thyrohyoid?

A

Runs superiorly over thyrohyoid membrane, inserts into greatere horn and body of hyoid

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17
Q

what nerve supply the Thyrohyoid?

A

C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve

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18
Q

what is the action of the Thyrohyoid?

A

depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx

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19
Q

What is the Anas Cervicalis?

A

It’s a nerve loop that contains fibers from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerve

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20
Q

The lower root of the ansa cervicalis is a direct branch of……..

  • contains fibers from Ventral rami of what spinal nerves?
  • passes superficial or deep to what Vein?
  • joins upper root to form the ansa
A

Cervical Plexus

  • C2 and C3
  • Internal jugular vein
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21
Q

Upper Root

  • Appears to originate from what nerve?
  • consists of ______ fibers that join CN______ and travel with it for a distance
  • Separate from CNXII and form upper root of ansa cervicalis
  • Jois lower root to form ansa
A

-Hypoglossal nerve, but contains no hypoglossal fibers
- C1, CNXII
-

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22
Q

What muscles does the ansa cervicalis give branches to supply?

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
Both bellies of the omohyoid

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23
Q

Some C1 fibers continue with ______ (after it has given off upper root) and Supply ______ and ______ muscles

A
  • CNXII
  • Thyrohyoid
  • geniohyoid
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24
Q

What are the parts of Suprahyoid Muscles?

A
  • Digastric
  • Stylohyoid
  • Mylohyoid
  • Geniohyoid
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25
Q

Digastric Muscle

  • Consists of posterior and anterior bellies connected by an ______ tendon
  • Posterior belly attaches to ______ notch which is medial to ______ proccess, runs anteriorly and inferiorly then becomes continous with ______ tendon
  • Intermediate t tendon pierces ______ and runs in fibrous sling connected to body and greater horn of hyoid, then becomes continous with ______ belly.
  • Anterior belly runs anteriorly ad superiorly, then attaches to ______ ______ of mandible
A
  • Intermediate
  • digastric(mastoid) notch, Mastoid Process, Intermediate tendon
  • Stylohyoid, anterior belly
  • Digastric fossa
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26
Q

what nerves supplies the Digastric muscle. ( posterior belly, Anterior belly)

A

Posterior belly: Facial nerve

Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveolar nerve. from C3)

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27
Q

what is the action of the Digastric Muscle?

A

depresses mandible and elevated hyoid bone

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28
Q

what is the origin of the stylohyoid?

A

styloid process

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29
Q

Insertion of the Stylohyoid muscle

  • passes anteriorly and inferiorly, along superior border of ______ ______ of______ muscle, then inserts into ______ ______ at junction of body and greater horn
  • It is pierced near its insertion by ______ tendon of digastric
A

posterior belly of digastric muscle, inserts into hyoid bone
-intermediate tendon

30
Q

what is the insertion point of the digastric muscle?

A

passes anteriorly and inferiorly, along superior border of posterior belly of digastric, then inserts into hyoid bone at junction of body greater horn

31
Q

What nerve supplies stylohyoid?

A

facial nerve

32
Q

what is the action of the stylohyoid?

A

elevates hyoid bone and draws it backwards

33
Q

Mylohoid

  • Lies superior to anterior belly of ______
  • The two mylohyoid muscles form muscular floor of ______ ______
A
  • digastric

- oral cavity

34
Q

what is the origin of the mylohyoid?

A

mylohyoid line of mandible

35
Q

Insertion of Mylohyoid
-most posterior fibers attach to body of ______ ______ ; rest of fibers terminate in midline raphe extending from ______ to ______

A

hyoid bone, mandible, hyoid

36
Q

what nerve supply the mylohyoid?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

37
Q

what is the action of the mylohyoid

3 functions

A

elevates floor of mouth during swallowing, elevates hyoid bone, depresses mandible

38
Q

Geniohyoid

-Narrow muscle that lies above ______ , in contact with corresponding muscle of opposite side

A

mylohyoid

39
Q

what is the origin of the geniohyoid?

A

Mental Spine

40
Q

What is the insertion of the Geniohyoid?

A

Anterior surface of body of hyoid

41
Q

what Nerve supply the Geniohyoid?

A

C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve

42
Q

What is the action of the Geniohyoid?

2 Functions

A

Elevated hyoid bone and draws it forward, depresses mandible

43
Q

What are the muscles of the Anterior Vertebral Muscles?

4

A
  • Longus capitis
  • Longus Colli
  • Rectus Capitis anterior
  • Rectus Capitis Lateralis
44
Q

what is the origin of the Longus Capitis?

A

Transverse processes of C3 to C6 vertebrae

45
Q

Where is the insertion of Longus Capitis?

A

inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone

46
Q

What nerve supply the Longus Capitis?

A

branches from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerve

47
Q

What is the action of Longus Capitis?

A

flexion of head and neck

48
Q

What are the parts of Longus Capitis? (3)

A

Inferior oblique
superior oblique
vertical

49
Q

Inferior oblique part of the Longus Colli: extends from bodies ______ (which thoracic vertebrae) to ______ ______ of ______ (which vertebrae)

A

first 2 or 3 Thoracic vertebrae to transverse processes of C5 and C6 vertebrae

50
Q

Superior Oblique part of the Longus Colli:

extends from ______ ______ of ______ (which vertebrae) to ______ ______ of ______

A

transverse processes of C3 to C5 vertebrae to anterior tubercle of atlas

51
Q

Vertical Part of the Longus colli:

extends from bodies of upper 3 ______ and lower 3 ______ vertebrae to bodies of C2 and C4 vertebrae

A

thoracic, cervical

52
Q

What nerve supplies the Longus Colli?

A

branches from Ventral rami of C2 and C6 spinal nerves

53
Q

What is the action of Longus Colli?

A

flexion of neck

54
Q

Where is the Rectus Capitis Anterior located?

A

Located posterior to upper part of longus capitis

55
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Capitis Anterior?

A

anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and root of its transverse process

56
Q

Where is the insertion of Rectus Caitis Anterior?

A

Inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone, immediately anterior to occipital condyle

57
Q

What nerve supply the Rectus Capitis Anterior?

A

branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

58
Q

What is the action of Rectus Capitis Anterior/

A

Flextion of the Head

59
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?

A

upper surface of transverse process of atlas

60
Q

Where is the Insertion of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?

A

inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

61
Q

What nerve supply the Rectus Capitis Lateralis?

A

branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

62
Q

What is the Action of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?

A

Lateral flexion of head to same side of contracting muscle

63
Q

What are the Subdivision of the Anterior Triangle? (4)

A
  • Submandibular (digastric) triangle
  • Carotid triangle
  • Muscular triangle
  • Submental triangle
64
Q 
What are the boundaries of Submandibular Triangle?
Anteriorly \_\_\_\_\_\_  
Posteriorly \_\_\_\_\_\_  
Superiorly \_\_\_\_\_\_  
Floor \_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Anteriorly: Anterior belly of digastric
Posteriorly: Posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid
Superiorly: inferior border of body of mandible
Floor: mylohyoid and hypoglossus muscles

65
Q

What are the contents of the Submandibular Triangle? (5)

A
  1. Submandibular gland (superficial part)
  2. Facial Vessels (a. and v.)
  3. Submandibular lymph nodes
  4. Hypoglossal nerve
  5. Mylogyoid nerve and vessels (a. and v.)
66
Q

What are the Boundaries of Carotid Triangle?

  • Anteriorly and superiorly?
  • Anteriorly and inferiorly?
  • Posteriorly?
A
  • Anteriorly and superiorly: Posterior belly of digastric
  • Anteriorly and inferiorly: superior belly of omohyoid
  • PosteriorlyL: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
67
Q

What are the contents of Carotid Triangle? (4)
-Arteries (3)
-Veins (1)
Nerves (6)

A
  1. Arteries:
    - Common carotid
    - Initial segments of external and internal carotid
    - Some branches of external carotid
  2. Veins
    - Internal jugular and some of its tributaries
  3. Nerves
    - Vagus
    - Accessory
    - Hypoglossal
    - ansa cervicalis
    - Internal laryngeal
    - External Laryngeal
  4. Deep cervical lymph nodes
68
Q

What are the boundaries of Muscular Triangle?

  • Anteriorly?
  • Ppsteriorly and superiorly?
  • Posteriorly and inferiorly?
A

Anteriorly: anterior midline of neck
Posteriorly and superiorly: superior belly of omohyoid
Posteriorly and inferiorly: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

69
Q

What are the contents of Muscular Triangle? (2)

A
  1. Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles

2. Viscera of neck (Ex: Thyroid and parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea)

70
Q

What are the boundaries of Submental Triangle?

  • Laterally?
  • Inferiorly?
  • Floor?
A

Laterally: anterior bellies of digastric muscles

  • Inferiorly: Body of hyoid
  • Floor: Mylohyoid Muscle
71
Q

What are the contents of Submental Triangle?

A
  1. Submental Lymph nodes

2. small Veins that join to form anterior jugular veins

Anatomy (III) JH (3 decks)

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