Anterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards
1
Q
what are the boundaries of the Anterior Triangle of the Neck?
A
Anteriorly: Midline of neck
Posteriorly: Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
Superiorly: Inferior border of body of mandible
2
Q
what are the muscle groups found in the Anterior Triangle of the Neck?
A
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Suprahyoid muscles
- Anterior vertebral muscles
3
Q
what muscles does the Infrahyoid muscle consists of?
A
- Sternohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- Thyrohyoid
- Omohyoid
4
Q
where is the Sternohyoid Located?
A
Located Superficially, medial to superior belly of omohyoid
5
Q
what is the origin of the sternohyoid
A
posterior surfaces of manubrium of sternum and sternal end of clavicle
6
Q
What is the insertion point of the Sternohyoid
A
Body of hyoid
7
Q
what nerve supply the Sternohyoid
A
Ansa cervicales (C1-C3)
8
Q
What is the action of the Sternohyoid
A
Depressess hyoid bone
9
Q
Where is the Sternothyroid located?
A
Located deep to sternohyoid
10
Q
what is the origin of Sternothyroid?
A
Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
11
Q
where is the sternothyroid inserted?
A
Oblique line of thyroif cartilage
12
Q
What nerve supply the Sternothyroid?
A
anas cervicalis (C1-C3)
13
Q
what is the action of sternothyroid?
A
depresses larynx
14
Q
Where is the Thyrohyoid located?
A
upward continuation of sternothyroid
15
Q
what is the origin of the thyrohyoid?
A
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
16
Q
What is the insertion point of the thyrohyoid?
A
Runs superiorly over thyrohyoid membrane, inserts into greatere horn and body of hyoid
17
Q
what nerve supply the Thyrohyoid?
A
C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve
18
Q
what is the action of the Thyrohyoid?
A
depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx
19
Q
What is the Anas Cervicalis?
A
It’s a nerve loop that contains fibers from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerve
20
Q
The lower root of the ansa cervicalis is a direct branch of……..
- contains fibers from Ventral rami of what spinal nerves?
- passes superficial or deep to what Vein?
- joins upper root to form the ansa
A
Cervical Plexus
- C2 and C3
- Internal jugular vein
21
Q
Upper Root
- Appears to originate from what nerve?
- consists of ______ fibers that join CN______ and travel with it for a distance
- Separate from CNXII and form upper root of ansa cervicalis
- Jois lower root to form ansa
A
-Hypoglossal nerve, but contains no hypoglossal fibers
- C1, CNXII
-
22
Q
What muscles does the ansa cervicalis give branches to supply?
A
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
Both bellies of the omohyoid
23
Q
Some C1 fibers continue with ______ (after it has given off upper root) and Supply ______ and ______ muscles
A
- CNXII
- Thyrohyoid
- geniohyoid
24
Q
What are the parts of Suprahyoid Muscles?
A
- Digastric
- Stylohyoid
- Mylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
25
Digastric Muscle
- Consists of posterior and anterior bellies connected by an ______ tendon
- Posterior belly attaches to ______ notch which is medial to ______ proccess, runs anteriorly and inferiorly then becomes continous with ______ tendon
- Intermediate t tendon pierces ______ and runs in fibrous sling connected to body and greater horn of hyoid, then becomes continous with ______ belly.
- Anterior belly runs anteriorly ad superiorly, then attaches to ______ ______ of mandible
- Intermediate
- digastric(mastoid) notch, Mastoid Process, Intermediate tendon
- Stylohyoid, anterior belly
- Digastric fossa
26
what nerves supplies the Digastric muscle. ( posterior belly, Anterior belly)
Posterior belly: Facial nerve
| Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveolar nerve. from C3)
27
what is the action of the Digastric Muscle?
depresses mandible and elevated hyoid bone
28
what is the origin of the stylohyoid?
styloid process
29
Insertion of the Stylohyoid muscle
- passes anteriorly and inferiorly, along superior border of ______ ______ of______ muscle, then inserts into ______ ______ at junction of body and greater horn
- It is pierced near its insertion by ______ tendon of digastric
posterior belly of digastric muscle, inserts into hyoid bone
-intermediate tendon
30
what is the insertion point of the digastric muscle?
passes anteriorly and inferiorly, along superior border of posterior belly of digastric, then inserts into hyoid bone at junction of body greater horn
31
What nerve supplies stylohyoid?
facial nerve
32
what is the action of the stylohyoid?
elevates hyoid bone and draws it backwards
33
Mylohoid
- Lies superior to anterior belly of ______
- The two mylohyoid muscles form muscular floor of ______ ______
- digastric
| - oral cavity
34
what is the origin of the mylohyoid?
mylohyoid line of mandible
35
Insertion of Mylohyoid
-most posterior fibers attach to body of ______ ______ ; rest of fibers terminate in midline raphe extending from ______ to ______
hyoid bone, mandible, hyoid
36
what nerve supply the mylohyoid?
nerve to mylohyoid
37
what is the action of the mylohyoid
| 3 functions
elevates floor of mouth during swallowing, elevates hyoid bone, depresses mandible
38
Geniohyoid
| -Narrow muscle that lies above ______ , in contact with corresponding muscle of opposite side
mylohyoid
39
what is the origin of the geniohyoid?
Mental Spine
40
What is the insertion of the Geniohyoid?
Anterior surface of body of hyoid
41
what Nerve supply the Geniohyoid?
C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve
42
What is the action of the Geniohyoid?
| 2 Functions
Elevated hyoid bone and draws it forward, depresses mandible
43
What are the muscles of the Anterior Vertebral Muscles?
| 4
- Longus capitis
- Longus Colli
- Rectus Capitis anterior
- Rectus Capitis Lateralis
44
what is the origin of the Longus Capitis?
Transverse processes of C3 to C6 vertebrae
45
Where is the insertion of Longus Capitis?
inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone
46
What nerve supply the Longus Capitis?
branches from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerve
47
What is the action of Longus Capitis?
flexion of head and neck
48
What are the parts of Longus Capitis? (3)
Inferior oblique
superior oblique
vertical
49
Inferior oblique part of the Longus Colli: extends from bodies ______ (which thoracic vertebrae) to ______ ______ of ______ (which vertebrae)
first 2 or 3 Thoracic vertebrae to transverse processes of C5 and C6 vertebrae
50
Superior Oblique part of the Longus Colli:
| extends from ______ ______ of ______ (which vertebrae) to ______ ______ of ______
transverse processes of C3 to C5 vertebrae to anterior tubercle of atlas
51
Vertical Part of the Longus colli:
| extends from bodies of upper 3 ______ and lower 3 ______ vertebrae to bodies of C2 and C4 vertebrae
thoracic, cervical
52
What nerve supplies the Longus Colli?
branches from Ventral rami of C2 and C6 spinal nerves
53
What is the action of Longus Colli?
flexion of neck
54
Where is the Rectus Capitis Anterior located?
Located posterior to upper part of longus capitis
55
What is the origin of Rectus Capitis Anterior?
anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and root of its transverse process
56
Where is the insertion of Rectus Caitis Anterior?
Inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone, immediately anterior to occipital condyle
57
What nerve supply the Rectus Capitis Anterior?
branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves
58
What is the action of Rectus Capitis Anterior/
Flextion of the Head
59
What is the origin of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?
upper surface of transverse process of atlas
60
Where is the Insertion of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?
inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone
61
What nerve supply the Rectus Capitis Lateralis?
branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves
62
What is the Action of Rectus Capitis Lateralis?
Lateral flexion of head to same side of contracting muscle
63
What are the Subdivision of the Anterior Triangle? (4)
- Submandibular (digastric) triangle
- Carotid triangle
- Muscular triangle
- Submental triangle
64
```
What are the boundaries of Submandibular Triangle?
Anteriorly ______
Posteriorly ______
Superiorly ______
Floor ______
```
Anteriorly: Anterior belly of digastric
Posteriorly: Posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid
Superiorly: inferior border of body of mandible
Floor: mylohyoid and hypoglossus muscles
65
What are the contents of the Submandibular Triangle? (5)
1. Submandibular gland (superficial part)
2. Facial Vessels (a. and v.)
3. Submandibular lymph nodes
4. Hypoglossal nerve
5. Mylogyoid nerve and vessels (a. and v.)
66
What are the Boundaries of Carotid Triangle?
- Anteriorly and superiorly?
- Anteriorly and inferiorly?
- Posteriorly?
- Anteriorly and superiorly: Posterior belly of digastric
- Anteriorly and inferiorly: superior belly of omohyoid
- PosteriorlyL: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
67
What are the contents of Carotid Triangle? (4)
-Arteries (3)
-Veins (1)
Nerves (6)
1. Arteries:
- Common carotid
- Initial segments of external and internal carotid
- Some branches of external carotid
2. Veins
- Internal jugular and some of its tributaries
3. Nerves
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
- ansa cervicalis
- Internal laryngeal
- External Laryngeal
4. Deep cervical lymph nodes
68
What are the boundaries of Muscular Triangle?
- Anteriorly?
- Ppsteriorly and superiorly?
- Posteriorly and inferiorly?
Anteriorly: anterior midline of neck
Posteriorly and superiorly: superior belly of omohyoid
Posteriorly and inferiorly: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
69
What are the contents of Muscular Triangle? (2)
1. Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles
| 2. Viscera of neck (Ex: Thyroid and parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea)
70
What are the boundaries of Submental Triangle?
- Laterally?
- Inferiorly?
- Floor?
Laterally: anterior bellies of digastric muscles
- Inferiorly: Body of hyoid
- Floor: Mylohyoid Muscle
71
What are the contents of Submental Triangle?
1. Submental Lymph nodes
| 2. small Veins that join to form anterior jugular veins
