Anterior Triangle of the Neck

Question 1

Where are the anterior jugular veins and what do they drain?

Answer 1

Kinda run between jugular notch and chin of mandible in the muscular triangles. Drain superficial stuff in that region. Have connections with the external jugular veins.

Question 2

What does the muscular triangle contain?

Answer 2

the infrahyoid muscles and the anterior jugular veins

Question 3

What does the submental triangle contain?

Answer 3

submental lymph nodes and small veins

Question 4

Through what does the cranial nerve V3 emerge

Answer 4

foramen ovalis

Question 5

Through what does the facial n (VII) emerge?

Answer 5

stylomastoid foramen

Question 6

How does the vagus nerve emerge?

Answer 6

The jugular foramen

Question 7

mylohyoid

-innervation and action

Answer 7

• Inn: n. to mylohyoid (br of inferior alveolar n - CN V3)
• Action: elevates hyoid, depresses mandible
• a suprahyoid muscle

Question 8

Geniohyoid m

-innervation and action

Answer 8

• C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
• pulls hyoid superiorly
• a suprahyoid muscle

Question 9

Stylohyoid m

-innervation and action

Answer 9

• br. facial n (CN VII)
• elevates and retracts hyoid bone
• a suprahyoid muscle

Question 10

Digastric m

-innervation and action

Answer 10

ant. belly:
- n. to mylohyoid
- depresses mandible

post. belly
- br. facial nerve (CN VII)
* both are suprahyoid muscles

Question 11

Sternohyoid m

-innervation and action

Answer 11

• ansa cervicalis
• depresses hyoid
• an infrahyoid muscle

Question 12

Sternothyroid m

-innervation and action

Answer 12

• ansa cervicalis
• depresses thyroid cartilage
• an infrahyoid muscle

Question 13

omohyoid (both bellies)

-innervation and action

Answer 13

• ansa cervicalis
• depresses, retracts hyoid
• an infrahyoid muscle

Question 14

Thyrohyoid

-innervation and action

Answer 14

• C1 via hypoglossal n
• depresses hyoid, elevates thyroid cartilage
• an infrahyoid muscle

Question 15

Where does the common carotid artery divide?

Answer 15

At about the level of upper edge of the thyroid cartilage.

Question 16

What must surgeons watch out for when doing anything to the thyroid?

Answer 16

Must be careful not to cut the right recurrent laryngeal nerve as it runs very close to the inferior thyroid artery (which I assume they ligate during any procedure)

Question 17

How to remember the branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 17

SALFOPSMax!
Superior Thyroid
Ascending Pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Superficial Temporal
Maxillary

Question 18

External carotid artery supplies everything outside the dura mater except what? What supplies this?

Answer 18

• Everything except the anterior forehead
• This area supplied by the supraorbital artery, a branch of the opthalmic artery, which is a branch of the internal carotid

Question 19

Virchow’s node

Answer 19

• enlarged supraclavicular node on LHS

- enlargement can signal cancer in the abdomen, particularly gastric cancer.