Anterior Lobe Hormones Flashcards
What are the 3 main actions of growth hormone (GH)?
- Diabetogenic effects
- Increase protein synthesis
- Increase linear growth
What would be the result of too little GH being secreted?
Growth hormone deficiency: seen in children with short stature, mild obesity and delayed puberty.
What would be the pathophysiological result of too much GH being secreted?
Acromegaly: If before puberty, individuals would present with gigantism. If after puberty, individuals would present with periosteal bone growth (i.e. increase tongue size, organomegaly, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, coarse facial features)
What is octreotide used for?
It is a somatostatin analogue that will inhibit growth hormone secretion.
Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) will (inhibit/stimulate) prolactin secretion. Dopamine will (inhibit/stimulate) prolactin secretion.
TRH will stimulate prolactin secretion.
Dopamine will inhibit prolactin secretion.
Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonists. What will be its effect on prolactin?
It will inhibit the secretion of prolactin.
How might a dopamine antagonist affect prolactin secretion?
It will stimulate prolactin, by inhibiting dopamine’s inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion.
Why might a male with prolactinoma present with decreased fertility?
They cannot produce the sex steroids because they are not receiving the hypothalamic stimulation. Prolactin inhibits the synthesis and release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This is also why women who are breast feeding have a decreased chance of getting pregnant.
What is galactorrhea? Which lobe of the pituitary gland is involved.
Galactorrhea is the excessive production of milk. It would involve an excessive production of prolactin and thus involves the anterior pituitary.
How might you treat hypothalamic failure or a prolactinoma?
a dopamine agonists to inhibit prolactin secretion (i.e. bromocriptine)
What are the preprohormone precursors for oxytocin and vasopressin?
vasopressin (prepropressophysin)
oxytocin (prepro-oxyphysin)
Where are the cell bodies of the axons that carry vasopressin, or ADH, located?
supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus
Where are the cell bodies of the axons that carry oxytocin located?
paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus
