anterior and medial thigh

Question 1

contents of the compartments of the thigh (generally)

Answer 1

anterior: knee extensors and hip flexors, femoral nerve
medial: hip adductors, oburator nerve
posterior: knee flexors and hip extensors, sciatic nerve

Question 2

muscles of anterior compartment

Answer 2

rectus femoris
vastus medialis 
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
sartorius

Question 3

muscles of posterior compartment

Answer 3

biceps femoris, short head
biceps femoris, long head
semitendinosus
semimebranosus

Question 4

muscles of medial compartment

Answer 4

gracilis
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus

Question 5

sartorius

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 5

• flex, abduct, laterally rotate hip, flex knee
• ASIS
• medial tibia in the pes anserinus
• femoral nerve

Question 6

four parts of quadriceps femoris

Answer 6

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis

Question 7

rectus femoris

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 7

• extends knee, flexes hip
• AIIS
• tibial tuberosity
• femoral nerve

Question 8

vastus lateralis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 8

• extends knee
• greater trochanter
• tibial tuberosity
• femoral nerve

Question 9

vastus intermedius

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 9

• extends knee
• anterior femur
• tibial tuberosity
• femoral nerve

Question 10

vastus medialis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 10

• extends knee
• anterior femur
• tibial tuberosity
• femoral nerve

Question 11

what ligaments are around the patella?

Answer 11

quadriceps tendon above

patellar ligament below

Question 12

two parts of the iliopsoas?

Answer 12

iliacus

psoas major

Question 13

iliacus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 13

• flex, laterally rotate hip
• iliac fossa
• lesser trochanter
• femoral nerve

Question 14

psoas major

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 14

• flex, laterally rotate hip
• transverse process of T12-L5
• lesser trochanter
• anterior branches of L1-L2

Question 15

tensor fasciae latae

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 15

• abduct hip, stabilize knee during extension
• iliac crest
• iliotibial tract
• superior gluteal nerve L4-L5-S1

Question 16

pectineus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 16

• flex, adduct, medially rotate hip
• pubis
• pectineal line of femur
• femoral nerve (can be obturator)

Question 17

gracilis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 17

• adduct, flex, medially rotate hip, flex knee
• pubis
• medial tibia (pes anserinus)
• obturator nerve

Question 18

adductor longus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 18

• adduct and flex hip
• pubis
• linea aspera of femur
• obturator nerve

Question 19

adductor brevis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 19

• adduct and flex hip
• pubis
• linea aspera of femur
• obturator nerve

Question 20

adductor magnus; adductor portion

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 20

• adduct and flex hip
• pubis and ischium
• greater trochanter to linea aspera
• obturator nerve

Question 21

adductor magnus, hamstring portion

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 21

• adduct and extend hip
• ischial tuberosity
• adductor tubercle on medial condyle of femur
• sciatic nerve

Question 22

adductor hiatus

Answer 22

space between adductor magnus and femur
femoral vessels pass from anterior compartment to posterior compartment of thigh
popliteal vessels once they emerge

Question 23

obturator externus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

Answer 23

• adduct and laterally rotate hip
• obturator foramen (pubis and ischium) and obturator membrane)
• trochanteris fossa of femur
• obturator nerve

Question 24

femoral triangle boundaries

Answer 24

superior: inguinal ligament
lateral: sartorius
medial: adductor longus
floor: iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus
ceiling: fascia lata

Question 25

contents of femoral triangle

Answer 25

lateral to medial:
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
femoral canal (lymphatics)

surrounded by femoral sheath

Question 26

femoral artery

Answer 26

from external iliac
branches in femoral triangle:
- superficial circumflex iliac arteries
- superficial epigastric
- superficial external pudendal
- superficial epigastric
- deep epigastric 
- deep artery of the thigh
      - medial femoral circumflex artery
      - lateral femoral circumflex artery
      - perforating arteries (posterior thigh)

branches in adductor canal:
- descending genicular artery

passes through adductor hiatus
- becomes popliteal artery

Question 27

adductor canal

Answer 27

sartorius overlies
contains femoral vessels and saphenous nerve
tunnel in middle of thigh that extends from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

Question 28

sensation to skin of thigh

Answer 28

anterior: lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve; femoral portion of genitofemoral nerve

Question 29

motor sensation to thigh

Answer 29

anterior - mostly femoral nerve

medial - obturator nerve

Question 30

veins in leg

Answer 30

superficial drainage in subcutaneous fascia
deep veins with arteries
systems connected by small veins

great saphenous (dorsal venous arch, anterior to medial malleolus)
up medial side of limb (just behind femoral epicondyle at knee)
penetrates cribriform fascia at saphenous hiatus (fossa ovalis)
to femoral vein

Question 31

lymphatics in leg

Answer 31

all lymph drains back to deep inguinal nodes in femoral canal

Question 32

femoral ring

Answer 32

entrance to femoral canal

Question 33

femoral hernia

Answer 33

when loops of bowel or fat from the peritoneal cavity herniate through femoral ring and into the femoral canal