anterior and medial thigh Flashcards by Julia Litzky

contents of the compartments of the thigh (generally)

anterior: knee extensors and hip flexors, femoral nerve
medial: hip adductors, oburator nerve
posterior: knee flexors and hip extensors, sciatic nerve

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muscles of anterior compartment

rectus femoris
vastus medialis 
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
sartorius

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muscles of posterior compartment

biceps femoris, short head
biceps femoris, long head
semitendinosus
semimebranosus

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muscles of medial compartment

gracilis
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus

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sartorius

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

flex, abduct, laterally rotate hip, flex knee
ASIS
medial tibia in the pes anserinus
femoral nerve

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four parts of quadriceps femoris

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis

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rectus femoris

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

extends knee, flexes hip
AIIS
tibial tuberosity
femoral nerve

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vastus lateralis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

extends knee
greater trochanter
tibial tuberosity
femoral nerve

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vastus intermedius

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

extends knee
anterior femur
tibial tuberosity
femoral nerve

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vastus medialis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

extends knee
anterior femur
tibial tuberosity
femoral nerve

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what ligaments are around the patella?

quadriceps tendon above

patellar ligament below

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two parts of the iliopsoas?

iliacus

psoas major

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iliacus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

flex, laterally rotate hip
iliac fossa
lesser trochanter
femoral nerve

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psoas major

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

flex, laterally rotate hip
transverse process of T12-L5
lesser trochanter
anterior branches of L1-L2

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tensor fasciae latae

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

abduct hip, stabilize knee during extension
iliac crest
iliotibial tract
superior gluteal nerve L4-L5-S1

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pectineus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

flex, adduct, medially rotate hip
pubis
pectineal line of femur
femoral nerve (can be obturator)

gracilis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct, flex, medially rotate hip, flex knee
pubis
medial tibia (pes anserinus)
obturator nerve

adductor longus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct and flex hip
pubis
linea aspera of femur
obturator nerve

adductor brevis

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct and flex hip
pubis
linea aspera of femur
obturator nerve

adductor magnus; adductor portion

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct and flex hip
pubis and ischium
greater trochanter to linea aspera
obturator nerve

adductor magnus, hamstring portion

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct and extend hip
ischial tuberosity
adductor tubercle on medial condyle of femur
sciatic nerve

adductor hiatus

space between adductor magnus and femur
femoral vessels pass from anterior compartment to posterior compartment of thigh
popliteal vessels once they emerge

obturator externus

  - actions
  - origin
  - insertion
  - innervation

adduct and laterally rotate hip
obturator foramen (pubis and ischium) and obturator membrane)
trochanteris fossa of femur
obturator nerve

femoral triangle boundaries

superior: inguinal ligament
lateral: sartorius
medial: adductor longus
floor: iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus
ceiling: fascia lata

contents of femoral triangle

``` lateral to medial: femoral nerve femoral artery femoral vein femoral canal (lymphatics) ``` surrounded by femoral sheath

femoral artery

``` from external iliac branches in femoral triangle: - superficial circumflex iliac arteries - superficial epigastric - superficial external pudendal - superficial epigastric - deep epigastric - deep artery of the thigh - medial femoral circumflex artery - lateral femoral circumflex artery - perforating arteries (posterior thigh) ``` branches in adductor canal: - descending genicular artery passes through adductor hiatus - becomes popliteal artery

adductor canal

sartorius overlies contains femoral vessels and saphenous nerve tunnel in middle of thigh that extends from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

sensation to skin of thigh

anterior: lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve; femoral portion of genitofemoral nerve

motor sensation to thigh

anterior - mostly femoral nerve medial - obturator nerve

veins in leg

superficial drainage in subcutaneous fascia deep veins with arteries systems connected by small veins great saphenous (dorsal venous arch, anterior to medial malleolus) up medial side of limb (just behind femoral epicondyle at knee) penetrates cribriform fascia at saphenous hiatus (fossa ovalis) to femoral vein

lymphatics in leg

all lymph drains back to deep inguinal nodes in femoral canal

femoral ring

entrance to femoral canal

femoral hernia

when loops of bowel or fat from the peritoneal cavity herniate through femoral ring and into the femoral canal