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Anatomy 2 - exam 2 > Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Aponeurosis which travels down the midline of the abdomen.

A

Linea Alba

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2
Q

Name the aponeurosis which frames the “6-pack”

A

Linea semilunaris

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3
Q

Name the transverse aponeuroses which create the “6-pack”

A

Tendinous intersections

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4
Q

In the lateral abdomen, name the muscles from superficial to deep.

A

External oblique m. internal oblique m. transversus abdominis m.

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5
Q

What envelopes rectus abdominis and pyramidalis mm.?

A

The rectus sheath

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6
Q

What determines the structure of the rectus sheath?

A

Position relative to arcuate line

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7
Q

What is the composition of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line?

A

Anterior layer (aponeuroses of external oblique mm. and 1/2 of internal oblique mm.)

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8
Q

What is the composition of the rectus sheath below the arcuate line?

A

Anterior layer formed by aponeuroses of external/internal oblique mm. and transversus abdominis mm.

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9
Q

What vessels supply the abdominal wall?

A

Superficial circumflex iliac and superficial epigastric vessels

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10
Q

Superficial circumflex iliac and superficial epigastric aa. are both branches of what?

A

Femoral artery

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11
Q

Superficial circumflex iliac and superficial epigastric vv. drain to what?

A

Great saphenous v.

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12
Q

What vessels supply the region of the inguinal ligament?

A

Superficial circumflex iliac vessels.

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13
Q

What vessels supply the abdomen below umbilicus?

A

Superficial epigastric vessels

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14
Q

What a/v supplies the lateral abdominal wall mm.?

A

Deep circumflex iliac vessels

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15
Q

What runs between internal oblique and transversus abdominis mm.?

A

Deep circumflex iliac vessels

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16
Q

What supplies the lower rectus abdominal mm?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

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17
Q

What enters the posterior rectus sheath at arcuate line?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

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18
Q

Superior epigastric vessels are branches of what?

A

Internal thoracic vessels

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19
Q

Where do the superior epigastric vessels enter the posterior rectus sheath?

A

Just lateral to sternum

20
Q

What supplies the upper rectus abdominis mm.?

A

Superior epigastric vessels

21
Q

What vessels supply the upper abdominal mm. and diaphragm?

A

Musculophrenic vessels

22
Q

What innervates the area above umbilicus?

A

T7-T9

23
Q

What innervates the umbilical region?

A

T10

24
Q

What innervates the area below umbilicus?

A

T11, T12, L1

25
Q

Where do the nerves of the abdominal wall (T7-L1) run?

A

Between internal oblique and transversus abdominis mm.

26
Q

The inguinal ligament is the inferior border of what?

A

External oblique aponeurosis

27
Q

The inguinal ligament connects what?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

28
Q

What is the inguinal canals relationship to the inguinal ligament?

A

Parallel and superior

29
Q

What does the male inguinal canal contain?

A

Spermatic cord and contents (vas deferens, testicular nn. and vessels) as well as ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

30
Q

What does the femal inguinal canal contain?

A

Round ligament of uterus and ilioinguinal n. (L1)

31
Q

Where is the superficial ring of the inguinal canal?

A

In external oblique aponeurosis just lateral to pubic tubercle

32
Q

Where is the deep ring of the inguinal canal?

A

In transversalis fascia just lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

33
Q

What is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

External oblique aponeurosis

34
Q

What is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

Transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon (i.e. fusion of internal oblique and transversusabdominis aponeurosis medially)

35
Q

What is the roof of the inguinal canal?

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis mm.

36
Q

What is the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

Inguinal ligament

37
Q

What three layers make of a hernial sac?

A

Peritoneum, extraperitoneal fat and transversalis fascia

38
Q

What is an indirect inguinal hernia?

A

Hernia through entire inguinal canal

39
Q

What is the most common type of hernia?

A

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

40
Q

Where is an indirect inguinal hernia usually found?

A

Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels and entering the scrotum or labia majora.

41
Q

What is a direct inguinal hernia?

A

A hernia through the inguinal (Hesselbach’s) triangle (i.e., inferior epigastric artery, rectus abdominis m. and inguinal ligament)

42
Q

Where does a direct inguinal hernia emerge?

A

Through conjoint tendon by or at the superficial ring.

43
Q

Where does a direct inguinal hernia occur?

A

Medial to inferior epigastric vessels

44
Q

Which type of hernia is usually associated with a weakened abdominal wall?

A

Direct inguinal hernia

45
Q

What is a femoral hernia?

A

Hernia through the femoral ring and femoral canal. (i.e., medial compartment of femoral sheath)

Anatomy 2 - exam 2 (7 decks)

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