anterior abdominal wall Flashcards
which muscle help to flex the thigh?
psoas and iliacus
name 2 posterior back muscles
lattisimus dorsi = triangle
serratus anterior = wall of thorax
what are the 2 types of fascia?
campers = superficial scarpas = deep and fibronios
what are the 4 types of muscles and which ways do they run??
external oblique= inferior and medial
internal oblique= superior and medial
transversus abdominus = horizontal
rectus abdominus = vertical from pubic symphasis to xiphoid process
what lines split the abdomen into 4 quadrants?
umbilical line and medial line
what are the 4 quadrants and what is found in each?
right upper = liver, gall bladder, duodenum
right lower = caecum, appendix, ascending colon
left upper = spleen, stomach, adrenals
left lower= descending and sigmoid colon
what are the 9 quadrants of the abdomen?
right hypocondriac epigastric left hypocondriac right lumbar umbilical left lumber right inguinal hypogastric left inguinal
what is caput medusea?
when you can see the veins from the umbilicus to axilla and groin
what is the fibrous band that extends form the xiphoid process called?
linea alba
what happens to these muscles when you breath out?
diaphragm relaxes and abdomen muscles contract
how do 6 packs form?
the linea alba splits it horizontally in 2
the TRANSVERSE TENDINOUS INTERSECTIONS
how is the rectus sheath formed and what does it do?
rectus sheath is formed from aponeurosis of the muscles
meets at the linae alba
surrounds the rectus abdominus
how is the rectus sheath arranged differently above dn below the arcuate line?
above = internal oblique splits to surround the rectus abdominus below= all 3 muscles are anterior to rectus abdominus
what and where is the linae semilunaris?
lateral margin of rectus abdominus
what does the iliac ligament join?
the pubic tubercule and the ASIS
what does the inguinal canal contain in males and females?
males = spermatic cord, ilioinguinal nerve females = ligamnet of uterus and ilioinguinal nerve
what are the borders on the inguinal canal?
bottom = linguinal ligamnet top = internal oblique front = external adn internal oblique back = transversalis fascia
what is a hernia?
protrusion of an organ through the structure that normally contains is
what are the 2 types of hernias?
direct= small intestine through the deep ingunal ring
indirect = small intetsine through the HESSLEBACH TRIANGLE
more medial to epigestirc = direct !!
compare direct and indirect hernias
indirect are more common
happen in younger people
who are fermoral hernias most common in ?
older and female
what are the borders of the femoral canal?
top = inguinal liagamnet bottom = pectineus fascia medial= lacunar ligamnet lateral = fermoral vein
compare femoral hernias to inguinal
fermoral are less common
they are hot and irreducible
they occur below and lateral to pubic tuberculs
