ANS Pharmacology I: Drug Action at Autonomic Receptors

Question 1

botulinum toxin

Answer 1

Acts on cholinergic nerve terminal

Enzymes that cleave cholinergic nerve terminal proteins and block ACh release

treats muscle spasm, smooth wrinkles, and reduce excessive sweating

Question 2

edrophonium

Answer 2

acts on AChE

Readily reversible inhibitor of AChE-

used in reversal of neuromuscular block by nondepolarizing drugs; diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

Question 3

pyridostigmine

Answer 3

• acts on AChE-

Quarternary ammonium carbamate ester AChE inhibitor

treatment of myasthenia gravis

Question 4

acetylcholine

Answer 4

acts on nAChR

cholinergic agonist (muscarinic/nicotinic)

used in cataract (and certain other eye) surgery

Question 5

succinylcholine

Answer 5

acts on nAChR

partial nicotinic agonist

depolarizing neuromuscular blocker- N-M relaxation

Question 6

tubocurarine chloride (d-tubocurarine)

Answer 6

acts on nAChR

competitive agonist at skeletal muscle nictotinic receptors

N-M relaxation

Question 7

dantrolene

Answer 7

Ryanodine receptor agonist; blocks Ca2+ release

counteracts succinylcholine-induced malignant hyperthermia

treats malignant hyperthermia

Question 8

acetylcholine

Answer 8

muscarinic receptor agonist- cholinergic agonist (both muscarinic and nicotinic)-

used in cataract (and other eye surgery)

Question 9

cevimeline

Answer 9

M3-selective muscarinic agonist

treats Sjoegren’s syndrome

Question 10

methacholine

Answer 10

Non-selective muscarinic agonist

Diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity

Question 11

atropine

Answer 11

non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist

treats: mydriatic, cycloplegic; reversal of vagal bradycardia; antidote for cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity

Question 12

darifenacin

Answer 12

M3 selective muscarinic receptor antagonist

treats incontinence; overactive bladder

Question 13

ephedrine

Answer 13

acts on adrenergic nerve terminal- mixed acting sympathomimetic (causes NE release from terminals and is an adrenergic receptor agonist)

treats hypotension; bronchospasm; nasal decongestant

Question 14

methyldopa (alpha-methyldopa)

Answer 14

acts on adrenergic nerve terminal converted to methylnorepinephrine in CNS, which acts like alpha2 agonist

treats hypertension

Question 15

albuterol

Answer 15

beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist

prompt treatment for acute bronchospasm

Question 16

clonidine

Answer 16

adrenergic agonist at alpha 2 selective receptors in the CNS, this results in decreased sympathetic outflow-

treats hypertension

Question 17

dobutamine

Answer 17

beta 1 selective adrenergic agonists

treats: increase cardiac output in acute heart failure

Question 18

dopamine

Answer 18

adrenergic agonist- dopamine agonist (also alpha beta agonist)

treats shock, especially with renal shutdown;

sometimes used in heart failure

Question 19

epinephrine

Answer 19

adrenergic agonist

treats anaphylaxis; emergency treatment of cardiac arrest

Question 20

isoproterenol

Answer 20

non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist

treats acute asthma; emergency treatment of cardiac arrest

Question 21

• midodrine

Answer 21

alpha 1 selective adrenergic agonist

treats chronic orthostatic hypertension

Question 22

phenylephrine

Answer 22

alpha adrenergic agonist

treats: decongestant, mydriatic, neurogenic hypotensionn, test of baroreflex

Question 23

carvedilol

Answer 23

adrenergic antagonist at the alpha 1 and beta receptors

treats hypertension; heart failure

Question 24

metoprolol

Answer 24

adrenergic antagonist at beta 1 selective antagonist

treats hypertension; heart failure

Question 25

phentolamine

Answer 25

alpha adrenergic antagonist

treats pheochromocytoma, antidote to overdose of adrenergic agonist

Question 26

prazosin

Answer 26

alpha 1 selective adrenergic antagonist

treats hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 27

propranolol

Answer 27

non-selective beta adrenergic receptor antagonist

treats angina, arrhythmias (treatment and prophylaxis), hypertension, tremor, anxiety, migraine