ANS & NT

Question 1

division of ANS

Answer 1

symph- prepare for heightened activity parasymph- stimulates abdominal activity

Question 2

somatic & ANS

Answer 2

efferent division 
differ in: neural efferent pathway 
effector organs
organ response
neurotransmitter

Question 3

peripheral neuron

1. lower motor

Answer 3

location of cell body- motor nucleus in anterior gray horn of spinal cord or brainstem nucleus
NT released- ACh
effect= always excitatory

Question 4

2. preganglionic

Answer 4

location of cell bodies- motor nucleus in lateral gray horn or brainstem nucleus
NT released- ACh
effect- excitatory

Question 5

3.postganglionic

Answer 5

location- peripheral ganglion
NT released- Ach or NA
effect= excitatory or inhibitory

Question 6

symph & parasymph NS comparison

Answer 6

similarities: serve same organs
involve pre and post ganglionic neuron
pre neuron release ACh
presence of ganglia

differences:
location of pre cell bodies and axon exit point
length of axons
location of ganglia

Question 7

parasymph

Answer 7

pre neuron arise from opposite ends of CNS
- brain stem exit via cranial nerves
-sacral region exit via spinal nerves 
pre axon-long 
post axon-short
post NT=ACh

Question 8

symph

Answer 8

pre fibres arise within spinal cord T1-L2
- cell bodies in motor nuclei of lateral gray horn
-axons exit spinal cord via spinal nerves
pre axon- short
post axon-long
post NT= NA

Question 9

NT receptors

Answer 9

ACh bind to cholinergic
2 subtypes:
nicotinic & muscarinic 
NA bind to adrenergic
2 subtypes: 
a & b

Question 10

cholinergic receptors

Answer 10

nicotinic= exit

muscarinic=exit/ inhib

Question 11

adrenergic receptors

Answer 11

beta 1 (heart)=exit
beta 2 (heart, liver, skeletal muscle) inhib
alpha 1 (symp target)= exit

Question 12

postynpathic potentials

EPSP

Answer 12

1. NT binds receptors on postsynaptic membrane
2. opens gated ion channels
3. graded depolarisation
4. postsynaptic cell excited membrane potential closer to threshold
5. AP more likely to occur
6. increased target activity

Question 13

IPSP

Answer 13

1. NT binds receptors on postsynaptic membrane
2. opens gated ion channels
3. graded hyperpolarisation
4. postsynaptic cell inhibited membrane potential further to threshold
5. AP less likely to occur
6. decreased target activity

Question 14

agonist

Answer 14

drug that mimic the action of NT

Question 15

antagonist

Answer 15

drug that bind to receptor and block the action of the NT