ANS I

Question 1

peripheral nervous system is divided into..

Answer 1

autonomic and somatic

Question 2

autonomic is divided into..

Answer 2

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Question 3

somatic is divided into..

Answer 3

sensory and motor

Question 4

ANS

Answer 4

branch of peripheral innervating smooth muscle tissue, glands, organs, whose activity is not under conscious control

Question 5

parasympathetic nerves originate from..

Answer 5

the medulla and sacral spinal cord (CRANIOSACRAL OUTFLOW)

Question 6

sympathetic nerves originate from..

Answer 6

the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord (THORACOLUMBAR OUTFLOW)

Question 7

parasympathetic neurotransmitter

Answer 7

acetylcholine, ACh

Question 8

sympathetic neurotransmitter

Answer 8

norepinephrine (NE)

Question 9

The sympathetic nervous system consists of thoracic and lumbar nerves with …

Answer 9

short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibres

Question 10

The sympathetic system includes the adrenal medulla, which releases..

Answer 10

norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood

Question 11

the somatic nervous system consists of …

Answer 11

motor neurons to the skeletal muscles

Question 12

ACh is released at the synapse preganglionic parasympathetic nerves at..

Answer 12

their ganglia

Question 13

ACh is released at the synapse preganglionic sympathetic nerves at..

Answer 13

their ganglia and at their synapses in the adrenal medulla

Question 14

ACh is released at the synapse postganglionic parasympathetic nerves at..

Answer 14

their organ/tissue receptor

Question 15

ACh is released at the synapse somatic motor nerves at..

Answer 15

the neuromuscular junction in the skeletal muscles

Question 16

The postganglionic fibres of sympathetic system innervating all sweat glands and skeletal blood vessel release .. except for..

Answer 16

ACh, the palms (NE)

Question 17

Norepinephrine is released at the following synapses postganglionic sympathetic nerves at…

Answer 17

their organ/tissue receptors

Question 18

Sympathetic fibres innervating sweat glands in the palm releases ..

Answer 18

NE (adrenergic sweating)

Question 19

adrenal medulla

Answer 19

releases 80% of epic (adrenaline) and 20% or NE into circulation

Question 20

what stimulates the adrenal medulla?

Answer 20

preganglionic sympathetic nerves

Question 21

phaeochromocytoma

Answer 21

a tumor of the adrenal medulla that releases large amounts of episodes and NE causing a very high BP and heart rate

Question 22

ACh is synthesized from..

Answer 22

choline and acetyl coenzyme A

Question 23

ACh is stored in.. and released by..

Answer 23

neuronal vesicles; nerve stimulation

Question 24

botulinum toxin

Answer 24

blocks ACh release causing skeletal muscle paralysis

Question 25

cholinesterase

Answer 25

break down ACh into choline and acetate

Question 26

catechol

Answer 26

a benzene ring with two hydroxyl groups and an amine side chain

Question 27

compounds with catechol are called...

Answer 27

catecholamines

Question 28

NE, epi, and dopamine are synthesized from...

Answer 28

the amino acid tyrosine

Question 29

cholinergic receptor types

Answer 29

stimulated by ACh; nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 30

muscarinic

Answer 30

relating to a type of ACh receptor nervous system which is capable of responding to muscarine

Question 31

nicotinic is branched in..

Answer 31

neuronal (Nn) and non-neuronal (skeletal muscle; Nm)

Question 32

non-neuronal (neuromuscular; Nm) location and effects

Answer 32

skeletal neuromuscular junction; skeletal muscle contraction

Question 33

nicotinic receptors are...

Answer 33

sodium ion channels

Question 34

neuronal (Nn; ganglionic or peripheral neuronal) location and effect

Answer 34

autonomic ganglia (parasympathetic, sympathetic, adrenal medulla); postganglionic excitation

Question 35

central neuronal location and effects

Answer 35

CNS synapses (pre and post junctional); CNS effects

Question 36

adrenergic receptor types

Answer 36

stimulated by NE; a1, a2, B (B1, B2)

Question 37

sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves have ______ effects in ___ organs

Answer 37

OPPOSITE; most

Question 38

parasympathetic system is active during...

Answer 38

rest and digest

Question 39

sympathetic system is more active during..

Answer 39

fight or flight

Question 40

skeletal, pulmonary, and coronary vessels during sympathetic function

Answer 40

DILATED because muscles and lungs need more blood, air, and energy to fight/flight