ANOVA

Question 1

How is the familywise error calculated?

Answer 1

1 - (0.95)n (n is the power of)

Question 2

what is a type 1 error?

Answer 2

rejecting the null hypothesis when it is really true

Question 3

what is the familywise error?

Answer 3

the calculation of accuracy of the data, so a decrease in the number the less accurate the data is

Question 4

what is SST?

Answer 4

Total sum of squares

Question 5

what is SSM?

Answer 5

model sum of squares

Question 6

what is SSR?

Answer 6

residual sum of squares

Question 7

how is the amount of variability between the scores calculated?

Answer 7

total sum of squares

Question 8

how is the amount of variability that can be explained by the model calculated?

Answer 8

model sum of squares

Question 9

how is the amount of variability that can’t be explained by the model calculated?

Answer 9

residual sum of squares

Question 10

how is one sum of squares calculated?

Answer 10

the difference from the mean of the score squared
the mean of the score 10 the individual score is 15, the diff is 5, that is squared to make 25, all the sum of squares are added up to make SST.

Question 11

During an ANOVA, when is the experiment considered successful

Answer 11

when the SSM is greater than SSR

Question 12

ANOVA compares variances using what?

Answer 12

the F-ratio

Question 13

what does the F-ratio use, instead of sums of squares?

Answer 13

Mean squares

Question 14

how is the F-ratio calculated?

Answer 14

MSM/MSR

Question 15

what is MSM?

Answer 15

variance of the experimental model

Question 16

what is MSR?

Answer 16

residual variance (error)

Question 17

what is MS?

Answer 17

mean squares

Question 18

what is mean squares?

Answer 18

mean squared differences, calculated from the total sums of squares between and within

Question 19

an ANOVA is a what test?

Answer 19

Omnibus

Question 20

when testing normality, if you have over 50 people you should use?

Answer 20

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (KS)

Question 21

when testing normality, if you have 50 or under you should use?

Answer 21

Shapiro-Wilk test (SW)

Question 22

Homogeneity of variance is assessed by opting for

Answer 22

Levene’s test

Question 23

Levene’s test is only used when using?

Answer 23

the One-Way ANOVA

Question 24

if the result of Levene’s test is p > 0.05 (over)

Answer 24

we can assume homogeneity of variance

Question 25

if the result of Levene’s test is p < 0.05 (under)

Answer 25

we should consider data transformation or using a non-parametric equivalent (Kruskal-Wallis H test)

Question 26

Post hoc tests are used when?

Answer 26

when the F ratio comes out at a significant level, so the data is significant but needs to be found exactly where

Question 27

what is most used post hoc test in sports science research?

Answer 27

Bonferroni

Question 28

Bonferroni is most stringent in?

Answer 28

preventing type 1 errors

Question 29

What is an alternative to Bonferroni?

Answer 29

Tukey’s procedure

Question 30

what do post hoc tests do?

Answer 30

pairwise comparisons of the data

Question 31

what does the bonferroni test do?

Answer 31

it divides the alpha value by the number of comparisons, to prevent the familywise error (eg. the type 1 error)

Question 32

factor in SPSS means?

Answer 32

independent variable

Question 33

in the results, how is the mean square calculated?

Answer 33

sum of squares divided by the degrees of freedom

Question 34

when is a one way ANOVA used?

Answer 34

when there is three or more groups using one measure

Question 35

when is a repeated measure ANOVA used?

Answer 35

when there is 3 or more groups and the data is collected at different times or under different conditions

Question 36

what are the advantages of using a repeated measures design?

Answer 36

Sensitivity 
* Unsystematic variance is reduced
* more sensitive to experimental effects
Economy
*less participants are needed

Question 37

what is the sphericity assessment?

Answer 37

Mauchly’s test