anorexia- slt and the media Flashcards
what does ARRM stand for
attention (noting and becoming aware of the beh)
retention (remembering the beh and the mechanisms involved in it)
reproduction (imitating and reproducing key features of beh)
motivation (desire to perform beh and to be rewarded for the beh)
what is this called
mediational processes
(cognitive processes)
what is modelling
learning a particular beh by observing and imitating a role model performing that beh
what is identification
individual conforms because they want to fit in with the established beh of the chosen group, (person or role.) The individual publicly and privately values the behaviours of the group and will change their own behaviours and beliefs to been seen as like the group. However, when not part of the group anymore the individual’s beliefs and behaviours may change so the identification is not always permanent.
how does this link to anorexia
social influence dependent upon wanting to be more like a key person in one’s life, or the media.
Individuals may identify with celebrities, models, or influencers who portray thinness as an ideal body standard. The repeated exposure to these figures can lead individuals to internalize these standards, believing that thinness is associated with success, beauty, and acceptance.
how do family influences link
If family members or peers emphasize dieting, weight control, or express concerns about body image, individuals may identify with these close role models and then copy
what is vicarious reinforcement
learning process in which an individual behaves in a certain way because they have observed someone else being rewarded for that behavior.
how does this link to anorexia
In the media, thin models and celebrities are frequently portrayed as successful, happy, and attractive, often receiving praise and admiration for their appearance.
Observers vicariously experience the rewards associated with thinness, such as social approval or career success, leading them to imitate these behaviors in an attempt to gain similar rewards.
what 3 things link to slt through having an influence
family
peers
media
these people can all be role models that people identify with
what is cultivation theory
explores the long-term effects of television and media exposure on viewers’ perceptions of reality.
suggests that consistent and prolonged exposure to media content can shape and distort an individual’s understanding of the real world.
what is cultivation theory in terms of anorexia
increased interaction with the media will lead to internalization of the messages of thinness, as extremely thin models and actresses create a new reality for media users, that thinness results in beauty, power, femininity and happiness
repeated exposure to these images can lead individuals to internalize these standards, believing that being thin is crucial for those things then individuals compare themselves to the unrealistic standards portrayed in the media
what do characteristics of preferred models depend upon (1)
cultural influences
what influences does this have on our personality/ mentality
perfectionism
cognitive distortions of body size
low self esteem
how does parental influence feed into AN
Parents who emphasize dieting or express dissatisfaction with their own bodies can serve as models for children, reinforcing the notion that thinness is desirable.
how does peer influence feed into AN
If a peer group values thinness or engages in discussions about dieting and body dissatisfaction, individuals may identify with these peers and adopt similar attitudes and behaviors.
how can this lead to positive reinforcement
social approval, compliments, or increased popularity can encourage individuals to continue or adopt similar behaviors.
how can this lead to negative reinforcement
individuals may adopt anorexic behaviors to avoid negative comments or social rejection from their peers.
a02- which 2 people investigated this?
dittar (2006)
becker (2011)
dittar (2006)
exposure to the thin ideal (as represented by Barbie) could negatively affect body image- thin ideal is constructed socially
Barbie’s [symbolic model] makes girls more body conscious than controls (flowers, balloons)
what type of experiment was becker (2011)
Natural experiment – in Figi
what did becker (2011) find
TV promotes disordered eating
culture had previously idealized a fuller figure
the intro of was TV in 1995
and by 1998, there had been an 11% increase in adolescent girls reported for using purging to control their weight.
Becker attributed this to an increased admiration for Western body ideals, particularly thinness
what does the media do to aid slt to AN
the media pushes specific sets of values about body size and shape on the audience
associate thinness with success, happiness, popularity
evaluation- strength (becker)
This increases the ecological validity of the findings, as the behaviors and attitudes observed are more likely to reflect those in the real world
evaluation- weakness (becker)
findings may be somewhat outdated due to the changing nature of media consumption, especially with the rise of social media, which might have different or more profound effects on body image than traditional television.
raises questions about the temporal validity of the findings, as media environments have evolved significantly since the original study.
