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Paediatrics > Anomalies > Flashcards

Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

Name some dental anomalies

A

Anomalies in: Number, size and shape, hard tissue defects, eruption and exfoliation

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2
Q

Hypodontia - most likely teeth

A

Mand premolars - 1.2-2.5%, Max lateral incisors - 1-2%

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3
Q

Conditions associated with hypodontia

A

CLP, Down Syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia, Hurler’s syndrome, Incontinentia pigmentii

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4
Q

Dental management of hypodontia

A

diagnosis, rem prosthesis, ortho, composite build up, porcelain veneer,Implant, crown & bridge and PREVENTION

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5
Q

Hyperdontia/Supernumerary occurence

A

maxilla more common and > in male

Likely in Cleidocranial dysplasia

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6
Q

Types of superumerary

A

Conical (cone shaped), tuberculate (barrel shaped - cause of eruption failure of central incisors), supplemental (like original tooth) & odontome (Complex - denticles and compound (mass of hard tissue)

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7
Q

Abnormalities of tooth shape/size

A

Microdont (peg shaped), Macrodontia, double teeth (germination/fusion), odontomes, Taurontism, dilaceration, accessory cusps (talon cusp)

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8
Q

Anomalies of tooth root

A

Short root, radiotherapy effect, dentine dysplasia, acessory roots

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9
Q

Structure abnormalities - Enamel

A

Amelogenesis Imperfecta - Hypoplastic, Hypocalcified, hypomaturational, mixed forms

Environmental enamel hypoplasia - Systemic (dialysis), Nutritional, metabolic (liver disease rhesus incompatible), infection (measles)

Localised enamel hypoplasia - trauma, primary tooth infection

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10
Q

Hard tissue defect aetiology

A

Localised, generalised, environmental and hereditary

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11
Q

Fluorosis - treatment

A

Microabrasion, vital bleaching, composite veneers

Warn patient that whitest part is the most unnatural

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12
Q

Generalised environmental enamel defects causes
prenatal
neonatal
postnatal

A

Prenatal - Rubella, thalidomide, congenital symphilis, cardiac & renal defect.

Neonatal - prematurity, meningitis

Postnatal - otitis media, measles, chickenpox, TB, Pneumonia, vitamin A/C/D, heart disease, organ failure

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13
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta types & Features

A

Hypoplastic, hypomineralised, hypocalcified and mixed form.

Familial inheritance - Autosomal DOMINANT, RECESSIVE & X LINKED

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14
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta diagnosis

A

family history, both dentitions affected, affects all teeth, tooth size/structure/colour (orange)
Radiograph - square crowns with multiple open contacts

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15
Q

Amelogenesis Imperfecta - problems

A

Sensitivity, aesthetic, poor OH, Caries/acid susceptibility, delayed eruption , AOB, Issues with dental bonding

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16
Q

Amelogenesis imperfecta - solutions/treatment

A

Preventative therapy, composite veneers (>16yr), fS, Metal onlays, SSC, ortho

17
Q

Enamel defects and associated systemic disorders

A

Epiderolysis bullosa, incontinenta pigmenti, down syndrome, Prader willi, porphhyria, Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Hurler’s

18
Q

Dentine abnormalities

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta, Dentine dysplasia (pulpal obliteration/short constricted roots), Odontodysplasia (ghost teeth), Systemic disturbance

19
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta - Types

A

Type I - Osteogenesis imperfecta
Type II - Autosomal DOMINANT
Type III - Brandywine

20
Q

Dentinogenesis imperfecta - diagnosis

A

Aesthetic (Purple/grey teeth), family history, associated osteogenesis imperfecta, affect both dentitions,
Rg - Bulbous crowns, Obliterated pulp, enamel loss

21
Q

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta - Problems

A

Aesthetics, caries/acid susceptibility, spontaneous abscesses

POOR PROGNOSIS!!

22
Q

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta - Solutions

A

Prevention, composite veneers (>16yrs), overdentures, rem prosthesis, SSCs. - under GA

23
Q

Abnormalities of cementum

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia - hypoplasia of cellular component of cementum

Hypophosphotasia - hypoplasia/aplasia of cemetum, early loss of primary teeth

24
Q

Dentine defects - dentine limited and general disorder

A

Dentine only - Fibrous dysplasia of dentine, dentinogenesis imperfecta II

General disorders - osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, hypophosphatasia

25
Q

Eruption Abnormalities
prenatal
delayed

A

Premature - neonatal teeth (first 8wks) - Inh risk
Delayed - preterm/low weight malnurished children, syndrome (down/cleidocranial dysplasia/hypothyroidism), gingival hyperplasia

26
Q

Premature exfoliation - CAUSES

A

Trauma, following pulpotomy, imunological deficiency, neutropenia

27
Q

Delayed exfoliation

A

Infraoccluded - congenital absence of successor

Hypodontia, ectopic permanent successor, following trauma.

Paediatrics (8 decks)

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