Anomalías congénitas Flashcards

1
Q

Trisomía autosómica #13

A

Síndrome Patau

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2
Q

Trisomía autosómica #18

A

Sindrome Edwards

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3
Q

Trisomía XXY

A

Síndrome Klinefelter

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4
Q

Síndrome de Turner consiste en:

A

Monosomía, sólo un cromosoma sexual X

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5
Q

Factor ambiental biológico que causa cataratas, malformaciones cardiacas y sordera:

A

Rubeola en madre durante 1° trimestre

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6
Q

Fármaco que afecta a los miembros (meromelia, amelia, micromelia)

A

Talidomida

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7
Q

Fármacos que causan sordera y defectos dentales

A

Antibióticos (ptomicina, tetraciclinas)

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8
Q

Vitamina que puede causar dismorfia craneofacial

A

Ácido retinoico (A)

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9
Q

Fármacos que causan efectos masculinizantes en femeninas y defectos cardiovasculares

A

Hormonales

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10
Q

Factor físico que causa defectos viscerales, esqueléticos, del SNC y oculares

A

Radiaciones

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11
Q

Factor materno que causa el nacimiento de un bebé con macrosomía y tejido adiposo excesivo

A

Diabetes mellitus

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12
Q

Principal causa de anomalías congénitas

A

Etiología desconocida

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13
Q

El factor genético numérico aneuploidía consiste en:

A

45 o 47 cromosomas totales

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14
Q

Periodo de gestación en el que se crean las anomalías congénitas importantes

A

Semanas 3-8

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15
Q

Factor genético numérico denominado poliploidía consiste en:

A

Múltiplo de 23 (excepto 46) como cromosomas totales

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