anomali refraksi Flashcards

1
Q

trias kelainan refraksi

A

kelainain kurvatura, indeks bias (kelainan struktur), dan axis (panjang bola mata)

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2
Q

definisi miopia

A

rabun jauh, sinar sejajar jatuh di titik depan retina

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3
Q

etiologi miopia

A

kurvatura terlalu cembung
indeks bias: meningkat (padat, nuklear sklerosis)
axis: memanjang

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4
Q

penanganan miopi

A

pembrian lensa sferis (cekung) bikonkaf

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5
Q

klasifikasi miopia

A

levior: jika pasien membutuhkan -6 D

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6
Q

definisi hipermetropia

A

rabun dekat, sinar sejajar jatuh di titik belakang retina

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7
Q

etiologi hipermetropia

A

kuvatura terlalu cekung
indeks bias: menurun (co: kortikal sklerosis)
axis: pendek

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8
Q

penanganan hipermetropia

A

pembrian lensa sferis (cembung) bikonveks

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9
Q

klasifikasi hipermetropia

A

ringan: < +2 D
sedang +2 s.d +5 D
berat >+5D

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10
Q

perbedaan presbiopia dan hipermetropia

A

prebiopia: kelainan akomodasi
hiper: kelainan refraksi

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11
Q

definisi astigmatism

A

> 1 titik fokus

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12
Q

etiologi

A

kornea: kurvatura
lensa: subluksasi
retina: makula oblik

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13
Q

klasifikasi astigmatism

A
  • simple miop astigma: satu titik fokus masih di retina
  • simple hiper
  • compound miop as: 2 titik fokus tidak jatuh di retina (depan)
  • compound hiper (belakang)
  • mix: C>S
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14
Q

definisi anisometropia

A

gg penglihatan akibat adnaya perbedaan kekuatan refraksi antara mata kanan dan kiri (perbedaan >4D)

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15
Q

tipe anisometropia

A

simple: satu mata kelainan
compound: sama2
mix: kanan minus, kiri plus

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16
Q

ambliopia adalah

A

penurunan tajam penglihatan tanpa defek anatomi yang nyata. mata malas

17
Q

tipe ambliopia

A

strabismik

deprivation: ada yg menghalangi (katarak kongenital)
refraktif: aniso dan isoametropik (sama)

18
Q

terapi ambliopia

A

eye patch.