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Osce - Learn Bitch > Annual reviews > Flashcards

Annual reviews Flashcards

1
Q

Sections of a diabetic foot exam?

A
  • Intro
  • Inspection
  • Palpation (temp, pulses)
  • Sensation (monofilament, vibration, proprioception)
  • Ankle jerk
  • Gait
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2
Q

Things to inspect for in legs on diabetic foot exam?

A
  • Venous ulcers
  • gangrene
  • Missing limbs
  • Hair loss
  • Scars
  • Venous guttering
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3
Q

Things to inspect for in foot in diabetic foot exam?

A
  • Peripheral cyanosis/pallor
  • Venous/arterial/neuropathic ulcers
  • Missing toes
  • Foot calluses
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4
Q

Charcot arthropathy - typical features?

A
  • Effusion
  • Distortion
  • Overlying erythema
  • Loss of joint function
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5
Q

Where to test sensation in foot doing DFE?

A
  • Big toe, middle toe and three points just below toes
  • Avoiding calluses
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6
Q

Gaits to assess for in DFE?

A
  • Conservative gait strategy (slow and broad based)
  • Foot drop (high stepping)
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7
Q

Further assessments after DFE?

A
  • Cap blood glucose
  • Serum Hba1c
  • Lower limb neurological exam
  • Peripheral arterial examination
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8
Q

Macrovascular complications of diabetes?

A

Stroke/TIA
MI
Claudication

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9
Q

Microvascular complications of diabetes?

A

Eyes
Kidneys
Neuropathy/feet

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10
Q

Other cardiovascular risk factors of diabetes?

A

Smoking
Diet
Weight
Cholesterol
Blood pressure

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11
Q

Examination sections for diabetes annual review?

A
  • Weight. height, BMI
  • Eyes
  • Cardiovascular
  • Insulin injection sites
  • Feet
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12
Q

Things to do in eyes - diabetic annual review?

A
  • Inspection (xanthelasma, caracts)
  • Movement (H- test for ophthalmoplegia)
  • Visual acuity
  • Fundoscopy (diabetic retinopathy)
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13
Q

Cardiovascular things to do in diabetic annual review?

A
  • Pulse
  • BP
  • Heart sounds
  • Carotid bruits
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14
Q

Investigations in a diabetic annual review?

A
  • HbA1c
  • Lipid profile
  • Renal and liver function
  • Urinalysis (protein, bood, ketones)
  • Urine-albumin-creatinine ratio
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15
Q

Treatment plan - diabetic annual review?

A
  • Review/adjust medication - optimising diabetic control
  • Educate patient about diabetes, monitoring, treatment and complications
  • Address other cardiovascular risk factors
  • Refer if needed
  • Address any patient worries/concerns
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16
Q

Who to refer to - diabetic annual review?

A
  • Ophthalmologist (annual retinopathy screens)
  • Dietition
  • Podiatrist
  • Educational team
17
Q

Target for HbA1c for diabetics?

A

48-53

18
Q

Target cap glucose for type 1 diabetes?

A

4-9

19
Q

Target cap glucose for type 2 diabetes?

A

4-8.5

20
Q
A

Osce - Learn Bitch (7 decks)

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