Annika A. Flashcards
Magna Carta
A document signed in 1215 that King John was forced to sign. It limited the English rulers power.
Parliment
Formed under the Magna Carta, the Parliment was a group of people who have the power to make laws.
A Bill of Rights
List from a goverment that states freedoms and promises.
The English Bill of Rights
The bill that King William and Queen Mary were forced to sign. Four of the rights; 1. King can not tax people without having a parliment by law, 2. Keeping an army in the kingdom in times of peace is against the law without okay from the parliment, 3. Parliment should be free, 4. Whatever you say in parliment, stays in parliment.
John Peter Zenger Trial
Peter Zenger wrote nasty things about the goverment and was put on trial. He was found not guilty because whta he wrote was true.
Libel
Writing something that is false about another that ruins their reputation.
Gentry
The upper class of colonial society.
Legislature
A group of people who come together to make laws. Fist one: The House of Burgess in Jamestown; 1619.
Apprentice
Someone who learns a trade by working for someone in that trade for a certain amount of time.
Indentured Servant
Someone who signs a contract to work from 4 to 10 in the colonies for anyone who would pay for his or her ocean passage to the Americas.
Racism
The belief that one race is superior or inferior to another.
Slave Codes
Strict laws that restricted the rights and activities of slaves.
Benjamin Franklin
A colonial writer who started the the newspaper the Pennsylvania Gazette. Wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac; very popular book in the colonies. He was also a businessman, community leader, scientist, inventor, and diplomat.
The Great Awakening
An emotion packed Christian movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730’s and 1740’s that led to the rise of many new churches.
The Enlightenment
The belief that all problems could be solved by human reasoning.
Divine Rights
The belief that monarchs get their authority to rule directly from God.
Natural Rights
The rights that belong to every human being from birth.
John Locke
An English thinker that thought people were born with three rights; life, liberty, and property. They can not be taken away from you.
Baron de Montesquieu
A French thinker who thought the government should have a separation of powers or division of the power of government into separate branches to make sure no individual becomes corrupt.
Separation of Powers
The division of the power of government into separate branches to make sure no individual becomes to corrupt.
Executive Branch
A branch of government that enforces the laws.
Legislative Branch
A branch of government that makes the laws.
Describe the importance of land ownership in colonial America
If you owned land in colonial times it meant you a lot of money, it was a social status, it gave you voting rights, and political influence.
Explain the difference between and indentured servant and a slave
Indentures servants were only temporary. Slaves you could keep until you set them free.
The Triangular Trade
A three way trade between the Americas, Europe, and Africa. The Americas sent resources such as furs and woods to Europe. In Europe, the ship captains collected fire arms. In Africa, the ship captains traded firearms for hostages of war. When the Africans were brought back to the Americas, they were sold and the cycle went on.
The Middle Passage
A brutal passage the slaves had to take from Africa to America.
Salutary Neglect
A system in which a mother country ignores its colonies in hopes they would flourish. The colonist liked this system because they could do whatever they wanted. Europe realized how well they were doing and went to the Americas and started taxing them ending the system.
The Glorious Revolution
King James the 2nd is removed from the throne and his daughter, Queen Mary, and her husband, King William, are put on the throne.
Navigation Acts
To regulate trade, England made the Navigation Acts. Some of them were; 1. Shipment to the colonizes had to go through England first, 2. any imports from England to the colonies had to be on British ships, 3. The colonies could only sell products like sugar and tobacco to England. The colonists didn’t like this because they couldn’t make money. They got around them by smuggling resources to other countries.
