Anne Frank - Terms - Marra English 8H

Question 1

allies (with a capital A)

Answer 1

26 nations led by Britain, the US, and the Soviet Union
- opponents of Nazi Germany & co. (Axis powers - Germany, Italy, Japan)

Question 2

anti-semitism

Answer 2

the irrational prejudice, discrimination, dislike, fear, and persecution of Jews (semitism - to be a Jew)

Question 3

Aryan

Answer 3

the Nazi term for what they considered the “perfect race” - Germans. not a racial term and no biological validity, was made up to refer to a racial ideal that the Nazis claimed to be the “superior race”.
etymology: originally the name of a family of languages of peoples of Europe and India

Question 4

Auschwitz-Birkenau

Answer 4

the largest of the Nazi concentration camps, located in Southwestern Poland with a killing center at Birkenau (has funny gas chambers). Over 1 million Jews were murdered here. the Franks were sent here in September from Westerbork in 1944.

Question 5

Bergen-Belsen

Answer 5

a concentration camp in northern Germany, plagued by epidemics, overcrowding, and planned starvation. conditions led to deaths of 34,168< (including Anne & Margot Frank)

Question 6

concentration camps

Answer 6

Prison camps that held Jews, Gypsies, political and religious opponents of the Nazis, resistance fighters, homosexual men and women, and others considered enemies of the state. People died of starvation, slave labor, and disease.

Question 7

death camps!!!@

Answer 7

Six major death camps whose primary purpose was killing in an assembly-line fashion by gassing. Chelmo, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Majdanek, and Auschwitz-Birkenau were located in Poland.

Question 8

deportation

Answer 8

Forced removal of Jews in Nazi-occupied countries from their homes under the pretense of resettlement in the East. Most were shipped to death camps.

Question 9

Dutch Opekta Company

Answer 9

Otto Frank’s business, which made pectin, a powdered fruit extract used to make jams and jellies.

Question 10

Einsatzgruppen

Answer 10

SS mobile killing squads responsible for massacres in Eastern Europe of Jews, communist leaders, and Gypsies.

Question 11

Final Solution

Answer 11

A phrase used by the Nazis for their plan for the physical destruction of all of Europe’s Jewish population.

Question 12

Forced-labor Camps

Answer 12

Camps where prisoners were used as slave labor. On July 5, 1942, Margot Frank received a notice to report for forced labor in Germany.

Question 13

Genocide

Answer 13

Deliberate, systematic murder of an entire political, cultural, racial, or religious group.

Question 14

Estapo

Answer 14

The Secret State Police of the Third Reich, which used terror, arrest, and torture to eliminate political opposition and round up Jews and others.

Question 15

Ghettos

Answer 15

Areas of cities and towns in Eastern Europe in which Jews were forced to live in extreme, overcrowded conditions that included starvation, cold, and disease. Beginning in 1941, ghetto inhabitants were sent to concentration and death camps or massacred.

Question 16

Gypsies

Answer 16

A term for Roma and Sinti groups persecuted by the Nazis.

Question 17

Kristallnacht

Answer 17

The state-sponsored pogrom unleashed on the Jewish communities of Germany and Austria on November 9 and 10, 1938.

Question 18

Mein Kampf

Answer 18

Adolf Hitler’s autobiography, written during his imprisonment (1924). Mein Kampf details his plan to make Europe judenrein.

Question 19

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei [NSDAP])

Answer 19

The Nazi radical, right-wing, anti-Semitic political party headed by Adolf Hitler from 1921 to 1945.

Question 20

Nuremberg Laws

Answer 20

Laws passed in the fall of 1935, stripping Jews of their political rights by making them stateless.

Question 21

Occupation

Answer 21

Control of a country by a foreign military power. The Netherlands was occupied by the Nazi government of Germany.

Question 22

Pogrom

Answer 22

Organized violence against Jews, often with the support of the government.

Question 23

Razzia

Answer 23

A forced round-up of Jews in the Netherlands.

Question 24

SS

Answer 24

Schutzstaffel, black-shirted elite guard of Hitler, later the political police in charge of the concentration and death camps.

Question 25

Swastika

Answer 25

An ancient religious symbol (hooked cross), that became the official symbol of the Nazi Party. Now banned in Germany, the swastika is still used by neo-Nazis around the world.

Question 26

Third Reich

Answer 26

The Nazi term for Germany and the occupied territories from January 1933 to April 1945.

Question 27

Underground

Answer 27

A group acting in secrecy to oppose the government and resist the occupying enemy forces.

Question 28

Weimar Republic

Answer 28

German republic from 1919 to 1933, a parliamentary democracy established after World War I, with Weimar as its capital city.

Question 29

Westerbork

Answer 29

Jewish transit camp in northeastern Holland where almost 100,000 Jews were deported between 1942 and 1944 to the Auschwitz-Birkenau, Sobibor, Theresienstadt, and Bergen-Belsen concentration and death camps.

Question 30

Yellow Star (star of david)

Answer 30

This six-pointed Star of David was a Jewish symbol that the Nazis forced Jews above the age of six to wear as a mark of shame and to make Jews visible. In the Netherlands the star carried the Dutch word Jood, meaning “Jew,” in the middle. From May 1942 until she went into hiding, Anne Frank wore the yellow star, separating her from the rest of the Dutch population.