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AAA-MEDICINE (GI) > ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (TB) > Flashcards

ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (TB) Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the skeleton does ankylosing spondylitis primarily affect?

A

Axial skeleton

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2
Q

What is the typical age of onset for ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Second or third decade

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3
Q

What is the male-to-female prevalence ratio of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

2:1 to 3:1

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4
Q

Which HLA gene is associated with ankylosing spondylitis?

A

HLA-B27

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5
Q

What is the earliest manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Sacroiliitis

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6
Q

What type of back pain is characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Nocturnal back pain relieved by movement

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7
Q

What is the characteristic vertebral finding in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Bamboo spine

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8
Q

What is the most common extraarticular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Acute anterior uveitis

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9
Q

What is the most serious complication of spinal disease in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Spinal fracture

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10
Q

What test is used to assess lumbar spine mobility in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Modified Schober test

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11
Q

What is a positive result in the Modified Schober test?

A

Increase in lumbar spine flexion <4 cm

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12
Q

What is the normal chest expansion measurement?

A

> 5 cm

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13
Q

What is a characteristic posture of advanced ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Forward stooping of the neck

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14
Q

What laboratory marker is present in 75–90% of ankylosing spondylitis patients?

A

HLA-B27

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15
Q

Which inflammatory markers are often elevated in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

ESR and CRP

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16
Q

What is a common radiologic finding in early ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Blurring of cortical margins of subchondral bone

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17
Q

What spinal region is most at risk for fracture in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Lower cervical spine

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18
Q

What is the first-line treatment for ankylosing spondylitis?

19
Q

What is the most common reason for surgery in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Severe hip joint arthritis

20
Q

What biologic therapy is used for ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Anti-TNF-α therapy (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab)

21
Q

What cardiac complication can occur in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Aortic insufficiency and third-degree heart block

22
Q

What syndrome can result from sacral area impingement in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Cauda equina syndrome

23
Q

What pulmonary complication is associated with ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Upper pulmonary lobe fibrosis

24
Q

What gastrointestinal condition is linked to ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Inflammatory bowel disease (Enteropathic arthritis)

25
What type of anemia is common in ankylosing spondylitis?
Mild anemia
26
What spinal deformity is seen in ankylosing spondylitis?
Kyphosis with obliterated lumbar lordosis
27
What is the name of the criteria used to classify axial spondyloarthritis?
ASAS Criteria
28
What is a key feature of inflammatory back pain in ankylosing spondylitis?
Morning stiffness >30 minutes, improves with activity
29
What is a common site of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis?
Fibrocartilaginous enthesis (tendon or ligament attachment to bone)
30
What radiologic finding is characteristic of sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis?
Pseudowidening of the joint space
31
What biomarker correlates with disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis?
Serum matrix metalloproteinase 3
32
Which cytokines play a key role in ankylosing spondylitis?
TNF-α and IL-17A
33
What imaging modality is useful for detecting early sacroiliitis?
MRI
34
What exercise is recommended for ankylosing spondylitis patients?
Postural and range of motion exercises
35
What is a late complication of ankylosing spondylitis that affects the kidneys?
Amyloidosis
36
What is the typical onset pattern in juvenile ankylosing spondylitis?
Peripheral arthritis and enthesitis
37
What major postural abnormality develops in advanced ankylosing spondylitis?
Flexion contractures at the hips and knees
38
What syndrome is caused by discovertebral junction fractures in ankylosing spondylitis?
Pseudoarthrosis
39
What is the recommended treatment for uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis?
Local glucocorticoid with mydriatic agents, referral to ophthalmologist
40
What is the effect of pregnancy on ankylosing spondylitis?
Symptoms may improve, worsen, or remain unchanged
41
Which lifestyle factor is most predictive of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis?
Smoking
42
What is the radiologic finding of vertebral bodies in ankylosing spondylitis?
Squaring or barreling of vertebrae
43
What is the primary cause of pain in ankylosing spondylitis?
Inflammation at tendon and ligament attachment sites (enthesitis)

AAA-MEDICINE (GI) (8 decks)

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