Ankle/Foot Goni Alignment

Question 1

Talocrural Joint Dorsiflexion

Answer 1

Fulcrum: over the lateral aspect of the lateral malleolus
Proximal arm: aligned with lateral midline of the fibula, using the head of the fibula for reference
Distal arm: parallel to the lateral aspect of the fifth metatarsal

Question 2

Talocrural Joint Plantarflexion

Answer 2

same as talocrural joint dorsiflexion

Question 3

Tarsal Joints Inversion

Answer 3

Fulcrum: over the anterior aspect of the ankle midway between the malleoli
Proximal arm: aligned with anterior midline of the lower leg, using the tibial tuberosity for reference
Distal arm: aligned with the anterior midline of the second metatarsal

Question 4

Tarsal Joints Eversion

Answer 4

same as tarsal joint inversion

Question 5

Subtalar Joint (rearfoot) Inversion

Answer 5

Fulcrum: over the posterior aspect of the ankle midway between the malleoli
Proximal arm: aligned with the posterior midline of the lower leg
Distal arm: aligned with the posterior midline of the calcaneus

Question 6

Subtalar Joint (rearfoot) Eversion

Answer 6

same as tarsal joint inversion

Question 7

Metatarsophalangeal Joint Flexion

Answer 7

Fulcrum: over the dorsal aspect of the MTP joint
Proximal arm: aligned over the dorsal midline of metatarsal
Distal arm: aligned over the dorsal midline of the proximal phalanx

Question 8

Metatarsophalangeal Joint Extension

Answer 8

same as metatarsophalangeal joint flexion