Anitfungal Agents Flashcards
This pathogenic fungus invades keratinized structures and is the cause of tinea pedis, tinea corporis, or tinea unguium.
dermatophytes
What is the cause of Pityriasis versicolor?
Malassezia furfur
What is the cause of sportrichosis?
Sporothrix schenckii
What endemic mycoses causes summer flu and clinical symptoms that resemble TB pneumonia?
Histoplasma capsulatum
What endemic mycoses causes fever, night sweats, weight loss and/or pulmonary symptoms?
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What produces fever, productive cough, chest pain and extreme fatigue?
coccidiodes immitis
What produces destruction of facial features? (captain’s wheel)
Paracoccidiodes neoformans
What causes vulvovaginitis, oral thrush and esophageal candidiasis?
Candida albicans
What fungus could cause meningioencephalitis?
Cryptococcus neoformans
What fungus could initially present as a sinus infection?
Aspergillus fumigates
What causes headaches and orbital cellulitis?
Mucor rhizopus
What would produce headache, non-productive cough, respiratory failure and/or cyanosis?
Pneumocysts jiroveci
How would you treat dermatophytes?
Topical: Miconazole, Clotrimazole
Oral: Griseofulvin, Ketoconazole, (Itraconazole)
How would you treat Sporothrix schenckii?
Itraconazole
How would you treat Histoplasma capsulatum?
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Amphotericin B
How would you treat Blastomyces dermatitidis?
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Amphotericin B
How would you treat Coccidiodes immitis?
Amphotericine B + Flucytosine
Later Fluconazole
(ketoconazole, Itraconazole)
How would you treat Candida albincans?
Nystatin (cutaneous)
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Clotrimazole (topical and Vaginal suppositories)
How would you treat Aspergillus?
Amphotericin B
Voriconazole (for invasive)
Caspofungin (for Amp B resistant Aspergillus)
How would you treat Cryptococcus neoformans?
Amphotericin B + flucytosine initially
followed by fluconazole
How would you treat Mucor/Rhizopus?
Ampthotericin B
How would you treat Pneumocystis jiroveci?
TMP/SMX
What are the major classes of antifungal drugs?
Polyenes Allylamines Azoles Echinocandins Pyrimidine inhibitor
What is the mechanism of action of Polyenes and give examples?
bind to ergosterol and disrupt cell membrane
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
What is the mechanism of action of Allylamines and give an example?
block ergosterol synthesis in cell membrane
Terbinafine
What is the mechanism of action of Azoles and give examples?
block ergosterol synthesis in cell membrane
Ketoconazole Itraconazole Fluconazole Voriconazole Clotrimazole
What is the mechanism of action of Echinocandins and give an example?
inhibit glucon synthase causing cell wall synthesis inhibition
What is the mechanism of action of Pyrimidine inhibitors and give an example?
Flucytosine
