Animals colonize land

Question 1

vertebrae evolution

Answer 1

begin with jawless fish in the Cambrian and move to fish with jaws throughout the silurian, next move to lobe finned fish (Rhipidistian) in the Devonian

Question 2

Tetrapods

Answer 2

Jaws are modified gill arches

Question 3

aconthodians

Answer 3

earliest jawed fish in the late silurian

Question 4

placoderms

Answer 4

heavily armored fish of late silurian

Question 5

what do rhipidistian fish and early amphibians have in common?

Answer 5

labrynthodont teeth

Question 6

what is the most common group of amphibians in the carboniferous period?

Answer 6

temnospondyls

Question 7

what group of amphibians are thought to be the ancestors of reptiles and why?

Answer 7

anthracosaurs because they lack an otic notch

Question 8

how would the evolution of a canopy forest promote tetrapod radiation in the Devonian period?

Answer 8

• damp climate ideal for tetrapods
• lots of food that was not found in water
• lack of predators
• wetland environment protected them from harsh sunlight

Question 9

parallel evolution between seed plants and amniotes?

Answer 9

both decoupled reproductive biology from aqueous environments making it possible to inhabit dryer areas

Question 10

when did the earliest reptiles appear and what were they?

Answer 10

late carboniferous, Hylonomus

Question 11

synapsids vs diapsids

Answer 11

synapsids have one temporal opening like mammals and diapsids have two like reptiles

Question 12

Therapsids

Answer 12

• dominant vertebrae fauna during the triassic period

- thought to be warm blooded because of their upright posture and complex chewing apparatuses