Animals And Plants

Question 0

What do muscle cells obtain energy from?

Answer 0

The sugar glucose through a series of chemical reactions that require CO2

Question 1

What do muscles need energy to do?

Answer 1

Perform work

Question 2

What do muscles need a steady supply of to keep working?

Answer 2

Oxygen

Question 3

Aerobic definition

Answer 3

Enough oxygen reaching cells to support their energy needs

Question 4

What happens as your muscles work harder?

Answer 4

You breathe faster and deeper to inhale more oxygen

Question 5

What is aerobic capacity?

Answer 5

The maximum rate at which one can take in enough oxygen to be used by muscle cells

Question 6

What does it mean to exceed aerobic capacity?

Answer 6

The demand for oxygen in ones muscles has outstripped ones body’s ability to deliver it and metabolism becomes anaerobic

Question 7

What happens when muscle cells switch into “emergency mode”?

Answer 7

They break down glucose very inefficiently and produce lactic acid as a byproduct

Question 8

What does lactic acid do?

Answer 8

Impairs muscle ability and produces “the burn”

Question 9

Where does all energy originate from?

Answer 9

The sun

Question 10

What does the sun do?

Answer 10

It converts matter to energy and radiates some of it as visible light

Question 11

How much of the suns light reaches earth? How much of that light powers life?

Answer 11

A tiny portion. A tiny portion of that tiny portion.

Question 12

What process makes it possible to use the suns light as energy?

Answer 12

Photosynthesis

Question 13

Where does photosynthesis occur on land?

Answer 13

In green cells within leaves of plants

Question 14

What causes plants to be green?

Answer 14

Chlorophyll, a pigment molecule in chloroplasts

Question 15

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 15

The organelles that perform photosynthesis

Question 16

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 16

Trap light energy and use it to produce sugars and other energy rich organic molecules.

Question 17

What are autotrophs?

Answer 17

Organisms that make all their own organic matter from inorganic nutrients

Question 18

What are the nutrients for plants?

Answer 18

Carbon dioxide, water, and minerals

Question 19

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 19

Organisms that cannot make organic molecules from inorganic ones

Question 20

What do heterotrophs depend on autotrophs for?

Answer 20

Organic fuel and material for growth and repair

Question 21

What is a producer?

Answer 21

Plants and other autotrophs whose ecosystems depend on photosynthesis for food

Question 22

What make a heterotroph a consumer?

Answer 22

They obtain their food by eating plants or animals

Question 23

What are the ingredients for photosynthesis?

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 24

How does carbon dioxide enter the plant?

Answer 24

Through tiny pores found in the leaves

Question 25

How does water enter the plant?

Answer 25

Absorbed from soil by the plant’s roots and moves up the plant’s veins to the leaves

Question 26

How do chloroplasts produce sugars and other organic molecules?

Answer 26

By rearranging the atoms of the ingredients

Question 27

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

Answer 27

C6H12O6

Question 28

What is the byproduct of photosynthesis?

Answer 28

Oxygen

Question 29

Why are plants capable of producing fuel from sunlight?

Answer 29

Because they have chloroplasts

Question 30

What do animals and plants use fuel compounds to do?

Answer 30

Obtain energy

Question 31

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 31

A chemical process that harvests energy stored in sugars and other organic molecules

Question 32

What does cellular respiration use oxygen to do?

Answer 32

To help convert energy extracted from organic fuel compounds to another form of energy called ATP

Question 33

What do cells use ATP for?

Answer 33

Nearly all their work

Question 34

Where does the production of ATP during cellular respiration occur in both plants and animals?

Answer 34

Mitochondria

Question 35

What are the waste products of cellular respiration?

Answer 35

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 36

Plants store energy using photosynthesis and harvest energy via…

Answer 36

Cellular respiration

Question 37

What do plants usually make more of than they need for fuel? What do they do with this photosynthic surplus?

Answer 37

Organic molecules. Use it to grow.