Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO1021 Zoology > Animalia > Flashcards

Animalia Flashcards

1
Q

What is an animal?

A 
Consumes organic matter (heterotrophic)
Consumes oxygen
Able to move
Reproduces sexually or had an ancestor that reproduced sexually
Developed from a blastula
(there are exceptions to all of these)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are choanflagellates?

A

Unicellular eukaryotes (not animals)
Can be free living or colonial
Have a funnel shaped collar
Do both sexual and asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ‘ur-metazoan’?

A

The hypothetical last common ancestor of all animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the ‘ur-metazoan’

A 
First eukaryotic multicellular animal
Flagellate 
Marine animal 
Diploblastic
No symmetry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are basal metazoans?

A

Non-bilateral animals
Asymmetrical or radially symmetrical
Have two cell layers
Have no organs but some differentiated tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is bilateral symmetry?

A

The right and left sides of an organism are divided by a single plane through the midline and are mirror images of each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the types of cell layers?

A

Three cell layers
Ectoderm (epidermis and nerves)
Endodem (digestive tract)
Mesoderm (muscle and connective tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two divisions of bilateria?

A

Protostomia (mouth first)

Deuterstomia (anus first)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two divisions of protostomia?

A

Ecdysozoa- arthropods/nematodes

Spiralia- rotifers/flatworms/molluscs/annelids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe ecdysozoans

A 
Grow by ecdysis
Lack locomotory cilia
Produce ameboid sperm
Have 'teeth' in the foregut 
Have a ring of spines around the mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe spiralians

A

Named after spiral cleavage of embryo

Lack ecdysozoan traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two divisions of spiralia?

A

Lophotrochozoa

Gnathifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe lophotrochozoans

A

Have a ciliated crown of tentacles surrounding a mouth

Have trochopore larvae that have bands of cilia used in locomotion and feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are porifera?

A

Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe porifera

A

Diploblastic
No tissues or organs
No symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do porifera carry out respiration and feeding?

A

Have an aquifeous system
Water pulled in through ostia
Water driven across choanoderm by the beating of choanocyte flagellate
Choanacytes pump large volumes of water through body at low pressure to establish a current
Water flows close to cells for food/gas exchange
Waste excreted via osculum

17
Q

How do porifera sexually reproduce?

A

They are hermaphrodites thus produce eggs and sperm at different times by choanocytes which are then released via the aquiferous system.

18
Q

How do porifera asexually reproduce?

A

Fragmentation
Budding
Asexual larvae

19
Q

What are the three sponge classes?

A

Calcarea
Hexactinellida
Demospongia

20
Q

Describe the spicules of calcarea sponges

A

Have rayed spicules (1,3,4) made of CaCO3

21
Q

Describe the spicules of hexactinellida sponges

A

Six rayed and made of silicon

22
Q

Describe the spicules of demospongia sponges

A

Six rayed but not made of silicon

23
Q

Describe placozoa

A

Close to the ‘ur-metazoan’
Simplest animal structure
Diploblastic
Reproduce by asexual budding

24
Q

What are ‘coelenterates’?

A

Former term for cnidaria and ctenophora but is now a paraphyletic group.

25
Q

Describe Ctenophora

A 
Radial symmetrical 
Diploblastic
Have sticky colloblast cells 
Bioluminescent 
Swim using cilia
26
Q

Describe Cnidaria

A 
Symbiotic (live in close relation with other organisms)
Bioluminescent
Diploblastic
No nervous system
Very diverse group
Have cnidae
27
Q

What are the three types of cnidae?

A

Penetrant (pierces)
Glutinant (sticks)
Volvent (coils)

28
Q

What are the different generation types?

A

Polyploid phase - all classes,sessile,asexual

Medusoid phase- medusozoa, free, sexual

BIO1021 Zoology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions