Animal Trauma

Question 1

Snake bites

Methods of attack (3)
Signs (skin-2, general-4)

Answer 1

Methods:

1) Circulatory system (blood)
2) Nervous system (nerves)
3) Lymphatic system

Signs-skin:
-Basic animal trauma signs (Red, swelling, bite marks/sting marks)
-White lines
Signs-general:
-Shock (neurogenic) 
-Muscle spasm
-Nausea and vomiting
-Cardiac arrhythmia (not so common)

Question 2

Snake bites-Treatment (6)

Answer 2

Treatment:

1) ABC
2) Oxygen
3) Relax the patient, minimal movement (splint)
4) Encircle place of bite/ Take picture of snake
5) Do not place ice!
6) Emergency Evacuation

Question 3

Scorpion sting-Signs (4)

Answer 3

Signs-skin:
-Basic animal bite/sting signs

Signs-general:

• More signs than snake
• Fever, sweating
• Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 4

Scorpion sting-Treatment (2)

Answer 4

Treatment:

-Similar to snake with the exception of cooling the wound.

Question 5

Bee/Wasp sting-Signs and Treatment

Signs (2)
Treatment (2)

Answer 5

Signs:

• Sting sings
• Anaphylactic reaction (shock)

Treatment:
-Like scorpion with anaphylactic treatment if necessary.

Question 6

Spider bites-Signs and Treatment

Signs (4)
Treatment (1)

Answer 6

Signs-skin:

• Bite signs
• Red lines

Signs-general:

• Nausea
• Anaphylactic signs (not so common)

Treatment:
-Like scorpion (cold)

Question 7

Rabies-Introduction

Carriers, Stages, Exposure

Answer 7

-All mammals can carry rabies
-Stages:
1)Bite
2)Dormant
3)Active
(Dog will die within a week, human longer)
-Transferred via secretions (including faeces)

Question 8

Rabies-Signs (3)

Answer 8

Signs:

• Viral symptoms (weak, fever, nausea etc)
• Psychological effects (anxiety/hydrophobia, confusion, restlessness, insomnia)
• Salivation, sore throat

Question 9

Rabies-Treatment (3)

Answer 9

Treatment:
-Disinfect site with soap (like every bite)
-Regular evacuation (call Moked)
-Do not place bandage!
(anaerobic breathing causes infection)