Animal Systems Flashcards
circulatory system
a system in which muscles control the movement of fluid so that it follows a specific path.
Cardiovascular system
a circulatory system that pumps fluid around the body by the action of a specialized organ, the heart.
metabolism
chemical processes of the body
Open transport system
blood does NOT stay contained within the blood vessels; cannot provide for a rapid delivery of materials around the body, because the blood does not move around quickly.
Grasshopper circulatory system
Open system. Blood bathes the cells directly; one blood vessel, aorta, which carries blood to the sinuses (body chambers).
Closed transport system
blood is pumped around the body within a network of vessels; faster than open transport.
Worm circulatory system
Dorsal vessel –> aortic arches (heart-like pumps) –> ventral vessel –> internal organs and tissues (exchange of materials occurs through thin capillary walls) –> back into the dorsal vessel, to start the cycle all over again.
Fish circulatory system
Blood flows through the chambers and is pumped out through a ventral artery to the capillaries in the gills, where gas exchange occurs. From the gills, blood travels to the dorsal artery that branches through the body to deliver oxygenated blood.
Single circulation
Blood goes through the heart once per complete cycle
Double circulation
Blood passes through the heart twice per complete cycle
Amphibian circulatory system
heart with 3 chambers; Blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs, and back to the heart where it is pumped again before being carried to the body; double incomplete circulation
Birds and Mammals circulatory system
4 chambered heart; maximises blood pressure; complete closed double circulation
No system at all
uses diffusion to fulfill its oxygen requirements
