Animal Science (Definition of Terms

Question 1

Feeds that are low in fiber and high in total digestible nutrients, like grains

Answer 1

Concentrates

Question 2

A female parent

Answer 2

Dam

Question 2

Non-lactating

Answer 2

Dry

Question 3

A difficult birth

Answer 3

Dystocia

Question 4

Herbaceous plants used for feedor livestock in the form of grass, green chop, hay, haylage, and baleage

Answer 4

Forage

Question 5

Pregnancy

Answer 5

Gestation

Question 6

Cut and dried to about 15% moisture for use as stored feed (grass, clover, alfafa, etc.)

Answer 6

Hay

Question 7

Cut and dried to about 60% moisture, then chopped fine and preserved in air-tight conditions, either on a silo or an agbag for use as stored feed (grass, clover, alfafa, etc.)

Answer 7

Haylage

Question 8

Milk production

Answer 8

Lactation

Question 9

Giving birth

Answer 9

Parturition

Question 10

An animal without horns

Answer 10

Polled

Question 11

Animals that chew their cud and have a specialized four compartment stomach or digesting plant fiber

Answer 11

Ruminant

Question 12

Diarrhea

Answer 12

Scours

Question 13

A male parent

Answer 13

Sire

Question 14

Time period between administration of a medical treatment and when the treatment has worked its way out of the animal’s system

Answer 14

Withdrawal period

Question 15

Mature female sheep that has given birth

Answer 15

Ewe

Question 16

Shearing wool from around the vulva and udder. Done prior to lambing

Answer 16

Crutching

Question 17

Process of removing a sheep’s tail

Answer 17

Docking

Question 18

An oral veterinary medicine administered by a drenching gun (usually an anthelmintic dewormer)

Answer 18

Drench

Question 19

Walking animals from one place to another

Answer 19

Driving / Droving

Question 20

An ewe that has stopped giving milk for the season

Answer 20

Dry ewe

Question 21

Young female sheep, only had her first lamb

Answer 21

Gimmer / yow

Question 22

A young female sheep lees than 1 year old

Answer 22

Ewe lamb

Question 23

Lambs that are well-developed and have enough fat deposition to be slaughtered for meat

Answer 23

Finished lambs

Question 24

The wool covering of a sheep

Answer 24

Fleece

Question 25

A group of sheep; all the sheep on a property

Answer 25

Flock

Question 26

Providing especially nutritious feed in the few weeks before mating to improve fertility, or in the period before birth to increase lamb birth-weight

Answer 26

Flushing

Question 27

A thick yellow greasy substance in wool, secreted by the sheep's skin. Also called wool fat, wool wax, wool grease, adeps lanae or yolk.

Answer 27

Lanolin

Question 28

It is where Lanolin is extracted from

Answer 28

Raw wool

Question 29

Any member of the various members of the genus Ovis, including domestic sheep, big horn sheep, mouflon, etc.

Answer 29

Ovine

Question 30

An uncastrated adult male sheep

Answer 30

Ram / Tup

Question 31

Cutting off the fleece, normally done with 48 blows in a set pattern by skilled shearers

Answer 31

Shearing

Question 32

Ovis Aries

Answer 32

Sheep

Question 33

A sheep castrated after about 6 months of age

Answer 33

Stag

Question 34

Vasectomized (sterile) ram introduced to the ewe flock to induce estrus

Answer 34

Teaser

Question 35

A castrated male sheep

Answer 35

Wether

Question 36

An animal that is one year old

Answer 36

Yearling

Question 37

Castrated swine before secondary development (or sexual maturity)

Answer 37

Barrow

Question 38

Castrated swine after secondary development (or sexual maturity)

Answer 38

Stag

Question 39

Matured male swine used for breeding

Answer 39

Boar

Question 40

Matured female swine used for breeding

Answer 40

Sow

Question 41

Female swine that hasn't given birth

Answer 41

Gilt

Question 42

Newborn swine regardless of sex

Answer 42

Piglet

Question 43

Swine around 60kg; weaned swine

Answer 43

Shote / Shoat

Question 44

The process of a sow giving birth to piglets

Answer 44

Farrowing

Question 45

A pig that is large enough and well-developed enough to be slaughtered for pork

Answer 45

Hog

Question 46

All the pigs farrowed at one time by an individual sow (usually 6-15 piglets)

Answer 46

Litter

Question 47

Of or relating to pigs

Answer 47

Porcine

Question 48

Domesticated swine

Answer 48

Sus scrofa domesticus

Question 49

Any of the various members of the family Suidae

Answer 49

Swine

Question 50

Cattle of various breeds selected specifically for beef production (e.g. Angus, Charlois, Hereford, Limousine, etc.)

Answer 50

Beef cattle

Question 51

Singular of beef cattle (alternatively, bovine or ox)

Answer 51

Beef critter

Question 52

Any of the various members of the genus Bos

Answer 52

Bovine

Question 53

Uncastrated male calf

Answer 53

Bull calf

Question 54

Adult uncastrated cattle

Answer 54

Bull

Question 55

Young cattle of either sex

Answer 55

Calf

Question 56

The process of a cow giving birth to a calf

Answer 56

Calving

Question 57

Bovine animals of any age or sex or breed (only used in plural)

Answer 57

Cattle

Question 58

Adult female cattle

Answer 58

Cow

Question 59

A cow no longer suitable for breeding, and sold for meat

Answer 59

Cull cow

Question 60

Cattle of various breeds selected specifically for milk production (e.g. Holstein, Jersey, Guernsey, Dutch-belted, etc.)

Answer 60

Dairy cattle

Question 61

Cattle of a few breeds considered useful in both beef and dairy production (e.g. Dexter Milking Shorthorn, etc.)

Answer 61

Dual-purpose breeds

Question 62

Weaned cattle that are being fattened for beef production

Answer 62

Feeder cattle or Feeders

Question 63

Cattle that are well-developed and have enough fat deposition to be slaughtered for meat

Answer 63

Finished cattle or Finishers, or Fat cattle

Question 64

Female cattle after she has given birth to her first calf, but before her second calf

Answer 64

First-calf heifer

Question 65

A male cattle that was castrated late after the development of some or all of the secondary sex characteristics (also less commonly known as a rig)

Answer 65

Stag

Question 66

Castrated cattle

Answer 66

Steer

Question 67

The air space usually found at the large or blunt end of an egg

Answer 67

Air cell

Question 68

The white of an egg

Answer 68

Albumen

Question 69

The removal of the tip of the beak of poultry by specially designed equipment to prevent cannibalism and its associated vices

Answer 69

Beak trimming

Question 70

A young bird of either sex that is bred and grown specifically for highly efficient meat production; usually killed at 5 to 7 weeks of age; (alternative name - - meat chicken)

Answer 70

Broiler

Question 71

The equipment used to provide supplementary warmth during the early stages of the chicken's life. The energy may come from electricity, gas, oil, or from other sources

Answer 71

Brooder

Question 72

The period of the first weeks of a chicken's life when it requires a very high standard of care including the provision of special diets and supplementary warmth

Answer 72

Brooding

Question 73

The term used to describe chickens from day old to the end of brooding

Answer 73

Chick

Question 74

The common external opening for the digestive, urinary and reproductive tracts of the fowl

Answer 74

Cloaca

Question 75

A male chicken that has finished one season as a breeder; usually refers to older male chicken more than one year old

Answer 75

Cock / Rooster

Question 76

A young male chicken from day old to the end of its first year of breeding; often used to refer to young male chicken up to 6 months of age

Answer 76

Cockerel

Question 77

The identification and removal of non-productive birds from the flock

Answer 77

Cull / culling

Question 78

A system of housing where the birds have a shelter house and access to an outside area during the hours of daylight

Answer 78

Free range housing

Question 79

A number of birds of the same origin (genotype), age, and managed in the same way

Answer 79

Flock

Question 80

A female chicken more than one year old, and/or have started to lay

Answer 80

Hen

Question 81

The process by which fertile eggs are subjected to conditions suitable for the initiation and sustaining of embryonic development and the hatching of strong, healthy chickens

Answer 81

Incubation

Question 81

A female in lay Usually used to refer to females kept solely for egg production for human consumption

Answer 81

Layer

Question 82

The social organization of a flock ranging in a ladder position from the most dominant to the most subordinate member of the flock

Answer 82

Peck(ing) order