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ZOTC 11 > Animal Production Facilities > Flashcards

Animal Production Facilities Flashcards

1
Q

Are important infrastructure to facilitate management and good health and efficient production

A

Farm Production Facilities

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2
Q

Made primarily for the comfort of animals

A

Farm Production Facilities

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3
Q

Enumerate the 3 common reasons for inappropriate or improper animal production facilities

A
  1. Lack of knowledge
  2. Lack of emphasis in their importance/effects in animal raising
  3. Cost
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4
Q

What are the 10 factors to consider for appropriate animal farm housing/infrastructure

A
  1. Type of animals to be raised (breed, age, purpose)
  2. Scale and type of operation
  3. Space requirements
  4. Kind of equipment/facilities
  5. Farm location
  6. Environmental requirements
  7. Feed storage and handling
  8. Amount of resources
  9. Opportunities for expansion and development
  10. Government laws and regulations that apply to animal production
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5
Q

Enumerate the 6 roofing designs

A
  1. Shed
  2. Gable
  3. Monitor
  4. Gambrel
  5. Gothic
  6. Half monitor
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6
Q

Enumerate the 4 flooring types

A
  1. Solid
  2. Slatted
  3. Litter
  4. Slat-litter
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7
Q

What are the 2 cattle housing and facilities

A
  1. Fences
  2. Corrals
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8
Q

Enumerate other cattle production facilities

A
  1. Feed bins, troughs
  2. Silos
  3. Foot bath
  4. Livestock scale
  5. Dipping vat
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9
Q

Enumerate the 4 types of housing

A
  1. Loose housing
  2. Stall barns
  3. Neonatal calves
  4. Pens for older calves
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10
Q

What are the 2 milking parlor

A
  1. Herring bone (fishbone)
  2. Rotary
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11
Q

Enumerate the 6 swine housing and equipment

A
  1. Farrowing pen
  2. Nursery
  3. Growing pens
  4. Gestating pens
  5. Feeders, waterers
  6. Castrating device
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12
Q

It is important to get the balance of welfare for the sow and piglet. Sows are quite clumsy and often lie on their piglets.

A

Maternity Ward

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13
Q

In this pen the sow can move about and has access to straw to make a nest

A

A freedom pen

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14
Q

In this pen the sow can get up and eat and drink but it offers more safety for the piglets

A

Traditional farrowing pens

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15
Q

1700 breeding sows in this unit

A

Indoor breeding unit

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16
Q

In this unit every week 72 sows are farrowed

The sows look after their piglets until they are 28 days old

A

Indoor breeding unit

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17
Q

All the animals in this unit are kept inside in straw yards until they give birth

A

Indoor breeding unit

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18
Q

What is the only country to have pigs (outdoor breeding unit) on a large scale

A

England

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19
Q

This is perceived as the highest welfare system to house pigs in as they are in their natural environment

A

Outdoor breeding unit

20
Q

There are 1200 breeding sows in this unit and the sows look after their piglets until they are 28 days old

A

Outdoor breeding unit

21
Q

40% of the UK’s pig farms are outdoors

A
22
Q

GOAT

A
  1. The house should be well lighted, well ventilated and can be easily cleaned
  2. Can be made of local materials
  3. Goat shed for backyard consist of structure that is 2m wkde, 3m long and 1.75m high. This can accommodate 2 mature goats but additional space for kids should be provided. The flooring should be elevated and slatted for easier cleaning. For ground level housing, provide platforms because goats like high and dry places.
  4. Partitions are recommended for kids, pregnant does, dry does and bucks. Hay racks, mineral boxes and water troughs should be provided
  5. Provide goat fence about 1.5-2m high in order to maintain a good neighbourly relation.
23
Q

Housing and handling facilities for sheep

A
  1. Wooled sheep do not need shelter from cold
  2. Housing should provide shade protection, protection from rain, and dry place to sheep
  3. Provide several partitions to facilitate division of the flock, facilities for operation such as weighing, diseases treatment, shearing, castrating and lambing. Water and feed trough, and dipping vats are needed
  4. Generally, a space allowance of 1sq.m. Per animal is recommended
24
Q

Enumerate the 6 types of poultry houses according to function

A
  1. Brooder houses
  2. Grower houses
  3. Hatchery
  4. Layer house
  5. Isolation house
  6. Breeding house
25
Q

Poultry Production Systems

A

Conventional
Layers-cages
Broilers-litter

26
Q

What are the Alternative Poultry Production Systems

A
  1. Enriched cages
  2. Cage-free
  3. Aviaries
27
Q

Allows birds to express natural behaviours (foraging, dustbathing)

A

Outdoor access

28
Q

What are the free-range production systems

A
  1. Fixed house and yard
  2. Large-scale
  3. Portable housing
  4. On wheels (eggmobile)
  5. Skids
  6. Floor vs. No floor
  7. Use of portable electronet fencing
  8. Houses moved frequently
  9. Houses moved infrequently
  10. Pasture pens
  11. Floor less shelter
29
Q

Subdivide yards in order to rotate or rest pasture

A

Large-scale automated house

30
Q

Is Good for building soil fertility for gardens and pastures

A

Poultry manure

31
Q

LAND MANAGEMENT

A

-Provide the same services outdoors as indoors

*feed and water outside encourages birds to go outside
*provide shade and shelter
*chickens do not like open range
*provide sufficient popholes so birds can find their way outside

32
Q

PASTURE MANAGEMENT

A

-Poultry obtain limited nutrients from forage
-keep forage short and vegetative

*forage is usually planned for the ruminants
*diverse pasture needed
*cool season: oats; warm-season: clover, alfalfa
* Legume forages increase omega-3-fatty acids in eggs and meat
*rotate pastures every 2-3 months
*mobile house is mobile
*if house is fixed, subdivide yard into at least 4 yards

33
Q

What are the Consequences of not rotating/resting

A
  1. Turf damage
  2. Pathogens build up
  3. Excessive nutrients
34
Q

What are the 2 Ground predator control

A

*electronet fencing
*humane traps

35
Q

Give the 2 overhead predator control

A

*net covering
*interfere with flight

36
Q

What are the poultry housing and equipment

A
  1. Brooder lamps
  2. Incubators and hatch
  3. Caponizing set
37
Q

Are water fowls and lives along lake, rivers, ponds and other bodies of water.

A

Ducks

38
Q

Enumerate the 3 types of duck houses

A
  1. All-purpose duck house
  2. Layer breeder duck house
  3. Brooder grower duck house
39
Q

Feeding and drinking fixtures

A
  1. FEEDING TROUGH- Linear feeder of 6” per duck
  2. DRINKING TROUGH- Drinking space allowance of 7” per duck is sufficient. Drinkers should be deep
  3. NESTS- Ducks have a natural desire for privacy and gregariousness so they will select where to lay their eggs
  4. Ducks perform well when provided with 14-16 hours of day length
40
Q

Enumerate essentials of a good poultry houses

A
  1. Comfort of birds
  2. Comfort of caretaker
  3. Durability
  4. Economy of labor and materials used
  5. Ease of cleaning
  6. Exposure and distribution of sunlight
  7. Provision for summer and cold weather conditions
  8. Security from rodents and other enemies of birds
  9. Location
41
Q

What are the Types of roofing (poultry)

A
  1. Shed type for single span type
  2. Gable or double gable
  3. Semi-monitor
  4. Combination
  5. Monitor
42
Q

Enumerate the housing fixtures (poultry)

A
  1. Brooders
  2. Feeders
  3. Waterers
  4. Dropping board
  5. Labor-saving devices: feed cart, feed bin, manure scraper, automatic lightning
43
Q

What are the equipment used in poultry housing

A
  1. Debeaker
  2. Caponizing set
  3. Syringes
  4. Evisceration set
  5. Egg grade
  6. Standby generator
44
Q

What are the 2 types of housing facilities for turkeys

A
  1. Range rearing
  2. House and porch system
45
Q

HOUSING FACILITIES FOR TURKEYS

May have litter floors or elevated wire or slatted floors. Either way it requires 3.5ft of floor space. A roost should be provided.

A

Rearing house

46
Q

HOUSING FACILITIES FOR TURKEYS

Should have a solid floor coverage with litter

A

Porch

47
Q

QUAIL HOUSING

A

*One of the advantages of quail raising is the relatively small space that is required. The cost of putting up a cage is less

*For every stage in a quails life, space requirement varies
*Since quails are not efficient feed converter, they should not be raised for broiler production
*Layer cages should not be too high, preferably 5” to 6” height can accommodate the Japanese and American breed respectively
* Providing too much space will encourage too much movement and thereby increase the risk of injuries

ZOTC 11 (2 decks)

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