Animal nutrition Flashcards
Name 7 food groups:
- Carbs
- Proteins
- Fats
- Vitamins
- Fibre
- Water
- Minerals
What does carbs do?
Provides excellent source of energy. Break down by enzymes into glucose, used in respiration to release their energy.
What is the name of the food that is needed for growth and repair of our cells and tissues?
Proteins.
Fats?
An excellent long term store of energy and our bodes respire it when we are low on glucose.
Vitamins?
Needed to help maintain good health, some help immune system.
Fibre?
Helps digest food pass through the intestines by giving the the process of peristalsis something to “push” against.
What helps keep our bodies hydrated?
Water.
What do minerals do?
helps with good health, some can be helpful for healthy bones and teeth.
What does calcium do?
Needed to make haemoglobin in red blood cells.
What the equation for finding out how much energy was released from the food samples?
temperature change x water constant x mass of water = energy released from food.
Name parts of the Digestive system:
- Mouth
- Salivary glands
- Oesophagus
- Stomach
- Liver
- Gall bladder
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
- Large intestine
- Rectum
- Anus
What is Ingestion?
The intake of food. Small pieces of food are bitten off larger pieces and chewed in the mouth.
Digestion?
The chemical breakdown of food, using enzymes, from large particles into smaller particles.
Absorption?
Food particles pass through the gut wall, by diffusion, into the blood stream.
Assimilation?
Using the food for growth, energy and health.
Egestion?
The removal of solid waste from the body.
What is the pH level in the mouth and the enzyme present?
8, amylase
What part of the gut has a pH of 2 and pepsin as the enzyme present?
Stomach
What are the three enzymes present in the small intestine (secreted from the pancreas)?
amylase, trypsin, lipase
What are the enzymes present in the small intestine walls ?
Peptidases
How is the small intestine adapted to absorb?
- Very long (6m)
- Folded inner surface lined with many villi.
- Surface of villi only 1 cell thick.
- Epithelial cells on villi have microvilli on their surface.
- Villi have lacteal inside.
- Excellent blood supply.
