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AniSci Exam 1 > Animal Nutrition > Flashcards

Animal Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Dietitian

A

Formulation and preparation of diets to meet the nutritional needs of human

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2
Q

Animal nutritionist

A

Formulation and preparation of feed to meet the nutrition needs of animals

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3
Q

Digestion

A

The process by which foodstuffs are broken down in the gastrointestinal tract into absorbable units

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4
Q

Types of digestion

A

Mechanical, Chemical, Enzymatic, Microbial

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5
Q

Mouth

A

Mechanical chewing; Chemical enzyme breakdown

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6
Q

Esophagus

A

Peristaltic contractions to move food down

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7
Q

Stomach

A

Mix and store food and controls release to small intestine

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8
Q

Esophageal chamber

A

Pushes food into stomach

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9
Q

Cardiac chamber

A

secretes mucus to protect stomach from acid

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10
Q

Gastric chamber

A

HCl mucus secretion, gastric juices, food dissolves

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11
Q

Pyloric chamber

A

Mucus secretion, increase pH to prevent ulceration

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12
Q

Small intestine

A

Nutrient absorption and digestion

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13
Q

Duodenum

A

1st par of small intestine, Raise pH with pancreatic secretions

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14
Q

Jejunum

A

Largest part of small intestine, Majority of digestion and absorption, Villi

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15
Q

Illeum

A

Finishes leftover processes

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16
Q

Large intestine

A

Water absorption

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17
Q

Cecum

A

Ferments leafy greens

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18
Q

Colon

A

Main water absorption

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19
Q

Crop

A

stores food

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20
Q

Proventriculus

A

produces digestive enzymes and acid

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21
Q

Gizzard

A

stomach of the chicken

22
Q

Ceca

A

helps break down undigested food passing through the intestine

23
Q

Cloaca

A

where waste leaves the body

24
Q

Rumen

A

Largest chamber, storage and fermentation

25
Q

Reticulum

A

Honeycomb structure, Forces food back to the esophagus

26
Q

Omasum

A

Folded structure, Absorbs nutrients and water

27
Q

Abomasum

A

release hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes needed to breakdown feeds

28
Q

Absorption

A

The process of moving digested products through the gut muscle wall

29
Q

Monogastric

A

Simple stomach

30
Q

Ruminant

A

Multi-compartmented pre-gastric camber + stomach

31
Q

Pseudo-ruminant

A

More than 1 stomach, but fewer than 4

32
Q

Classes of nutrients

A

Water, Carbs, Protein, Minerals, Vitamin, Lipids

33
Q

Plant tissue

A

Starch, fiber, Si, K, Cell wall

34
Q

Animal tissue

A

Fat, Lipid, protein, Ca, P

35
Q

As-fed basis

A

The feed as it is fed to the animal

36
Q

Dry matter basis

A

The feed not including water, but only including dry matter

37
Q

Function of Water

A

Metabolism, Temperature regulation

38
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Key energy source for animal

39
Q

Carb functions

A

Energy, storage, synthesis of acids, Structure, cell recognition

40
Q

Monosaccharide

A

1 carb monomer, Galactose, glucose, fructose

41
Q

Disaccharide

A

2 carb polymer, Lactose, Sucrose, Maltose

42
Q

Oligasaccharide

A

3 to 7 carb polymer

43
Q

Polysaccharide

A

More than 7 carb polymer, Starch

44
Q

Lipids

A

Most energy dense class of nutrients

45
Q

Lipid classifications

A

Simple, Compound, Derived, Sterols, Terpene

46
Q

Fatty acids

A

Basic unit of lipids

47
Q

Function of Lipids

A

Energy, fatty acids, vitamins, cell membrane, carries steroid hormones

48
Q

Protein

A

A major part of an animal body

49
Q

Function of protein

A

Growth and maintenance, Regulation of metabolism, Protection of body, Transport, pH balance, blood clotting, vision, energy supply, nitrogen

50
Q

ideal protein

A

Dietary proteins with an amino acid ratio that matches to the animals need

51
Q

Vitamins

A

Growth an maintenance of life, effective in minute amounts

52
Q

Minerals

A

Macro and micro minerals

AniSci Exam 1 (3 decks)

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