Animal Movement: General/Intro Flashcards
What is the difference between white muscle and red muscle?
White muscle is for powerful movement and have less mitochondria as they primarily use glycolytic metabolism (anaerobic)
Red muscle has smaller energy output and greater flexibility. They have more capillaries for supplying O2 to their mitochondria which is why they are red.
What is pink muscle?
Pink muscle is intermediate to red and white and helps join these.
What are antagonistic muscles?
Opposite muscles:
Muscles that are paired, where one simultaneously tenses and the other relaxes to allow for movement.
What is a locomotor module?
All the muscles required for a specific type of movement.
How do oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis differ?
Oxidative phosphorylation requires O2, occurs in the mitochondria and is more efficient in producing ATP.
Glycolysis does not require O2, creates ATP at a faster rate, is used when greater force or energy is needed as O2 cannot be supplied quickly enough to the muscles. This process releases lactic acid.
What is the term used to describe the increased oxygen required after high-energy bursts?
(EPOC) Elevated Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption.
How did the oxygen revolution contribute to increased mobility?
The oxygen revolution allowed for increased oxygen availability, which led to the development of hard parts such as bones and carbonate shells, this facilitated increased mobility as muscles then had a hard anchor to attach to.
