animal kingdom Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebrates

A

an animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.

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2
Q

Invertebrates

A

an animal lacking a backbone, such as an arthropod, mollusk, annelid, coelenterate, etc. The invertebrates constitute an artificial division of the animal kingdom, comprising 95 percent of animal species and about 30 different phyla.

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3
Q

Consumer

A

a person or thing that eats or uses something.

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4
Q

. Ganglion

A

a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber.

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5
Q

Gut

A

the stomach or belly.

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6
Q

Coelom

A

the body cavity in metazoans, located between the intestinal canal and the body wall.

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7
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

the property of being divisible into symmetrical halves on either side of a unique plane.

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8
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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9
Q

Asymmetry

A

lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

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10
Q

Sponges

A

primitive sedentary aquatic invertebrate with a soft porous body that is typically supported by a framework of fibers or calcareous or glassy spicules. Sponges draw in a current of water to extract nutrients and oxygen.

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11
Q

Cnidarians

A

an aquatic invertebrate animal of the phylum Cnidaria, which comprises the coelenterates.

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12
Q

Flatworms

A

a worm of a phylum which includes the planarians together with the parasitic flukes and tapeworms. They are distinguished by having a simple flattened body which lacks blood vessels, and a digestive tract which, if present, has a single opening.

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13
Q

Roundworms

A

a nematode, especially a parasitic one found in the intestines of mammals.

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14
Q

Mollusks

A

an invertebrate of a large phylum which includes snails, slugs, mussels, and octopuses. They have a soft unsegmented body and live in aquatic or damp habitats, and most kinds have an external calcareous shell.

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15
Q

Open circulatory system

A

Open circulatory systems (evolved in crustaceans, insects, mollusks and other invertebrates) pump blood into a hemocoel with the blood diffusing back to the circulatory system between cells. Blood is pumped by a heart into the body cavities, where tissues are surrounded by the blood.

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16
Q

Closed circulatory system

A

Vertebrates, and a few invertebrates, have a closed circulatory system. Closed circulatory systems have the blood closed at all times within vessels of different size and wall thickness. In this type of system, blood is pumped by a heart through vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities.

17
Q

Annelid worms

A

The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, “little ring”), also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.

18
Q

a rigid external covering for the body in some invertebrate animals, especially arthropods, providing both support and protection.

A

a rigid external covering for the body in some invertebrate animals, especially arthropods, providing both support and protection.

19
Q

Compound eye

A

an eye consisting of an array of numerous small visual units, as found in insects and crustaceans.

20
Q

Antenna

A

either of a pair of long, thin sensory appendages on the heads of insects, crustaceans, and some other arthropods.

21
Q

Metamorphosis

A

(in an insect or amphibian) the process of transformation from an immature form to an adult form in two or more distinct stages.

22
Q

Endoskeleton

A

an internal skeleton, such as the bony or cartilaginous skeleton of vertebrates.

23
Q

Water vascular system

A

(in an echinoderm) a network of water vessels in the body, the tube feet being operated by hydraulic pressure within the vessels.