Animal hygiene deck III

Question 1

The average noise intensity recommended for the animals is

Answer 1

≤ 70 dB/24 h.

Question 2

Regulations of the Minister of Agriculture:
Cattle, goats, lambs, and poultry are not allowed to be kept in an animal facility,
where the noise level persistently exceeds

Answer 2

65 dB;

Question 3

Regulations of the Minister of Agriculture:
pigs are not allowed to be kept in an animal facility,
where the noise level persistently exceeds

Answer 3

85 dB.

In poultry and pig husbandry sudden noises have to be avoided.

Question 4

What percentage of idle, standing cows after feeding may indicate disturbed welfare

Answer 4

Cows: if 10–15% of the animals still stand 2 hours after feeding, it may indicate disturbed welfare.

Question 5

The number of microbes in organic bedding is on average?

Answer 5

The number of microbes in organic bedding is on average 106 CFU/g.

Question 6

Keeping animals without bedding…

Answer 6

violates basic animal welfare principles.

Question 7

Klebsiella spp. bacterial count is highest in what type of bedding material

Answer 7

Wood–based bedding material

Question 8

British research showed that E. coli bacterial count depends on the
type of the bedding material used → bacterial count was highest in? (3)
and lowest in? (2)

Answer 8

bacterial count was highest when bark, sawdust and peat were used for bedding;

and lowest when washed sand and shredded paper were used.

Question 9

What material can be added to beddings to decrease bacterial contamination?

Answer 9

Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) is used to decrease bacterial contamination of the bedding as it raises pH level and lowers humidity necessary for bacterial growth.

It lowers gram–negative bacteria, Klebsiella spp., and streptococci counts
in the bedding.

Question 10

Manure is

Answer 10

a mixture of solid and liquid faeces and, according to housing system, also of bedding, feed residues and water.

Question 11

liquid manure DM %

Answer 11

≤ 8%

Question 12

semi liquid (solid) manure DM %

Answer 12

8…20%

Question 13

solid manure DM %

Answer 13

≥ 20%

Question 14

deep litter (farmyard) manure DM %

Answer 14

≥ 25%

Question 15

Name 4 Manure processing techniques

Answer 15

Anaerobic fermentation
Aerobic fermentation
Acidification
Separation

Question 16

good absorbency for peat means it can absorb up to ?% volume of water

Answer 16

absorbs 600–1000 volume % of water;

Question 17

peat also binds what in addition to water

Answer 17

binds well barn gases, especially NH3 (2–3 times better than other bedding materials)
ammonia binding capacity is due to acidity.

Question 18

most Chopped winter crop straw is contaminated with

Answer 18

most contaminated with Streptococcus spp. bacteria and often contaminated with mould and/ or mycotoxins.

Question 19

The best option for deep littering.

Answer 19

Chopped winter crop straw

Question 20

what bedding type comes with a high bacterial contamination: risk factor for E. coli and Klebsiella mastitis; and for horses → frog thrush

Answer 20

sawdust

Question 21

From an animal welfare perspective, whata bedding is the best bedding material

Answer 21

From an animal welfare perspective, sand is the best bedding material (layer 20–30 cm).

Question 22

name the 2 best and most practical combinations of different types of
bedding

Answer 22

winter crop straw + peat;
winter crop straw + sawdust.

Question 23

In housed animals the provision of sufficient space is an important
feature of house design. Space requirements include:

Answer 23

 resting space (m2)
 socialising space (m2)
 air space (m3)
 feeding space (m)

Question 24

In sheep the presence of a full fleece increases the space required by

Answer 24

15–20%.

Ewes with lambs have at least a 30% extra requirement depending on numbers of lambs.

Question 25

Resting space (m2) for a number of species has been defined as

.

Answer 25

0.027xWeight^0.67

Question 26

Global demand for meat has increased

Answer 26

40% in the last 15 years due to people adopting protein rich diets.

Question 27

Current research in animal welfare is oriented towards

Answer 27

defining indicators of welfare and improvements in technology and
management practices.

Question 28

(PLF)

Answer 28

Precision Livestock Farming

Question 29

what is Precision Livestock Farming

Answer 29

Precision livestock farming is a set of electronic tools and methods for managing livestock. It involves automated monitoring of animals to improve their production/reproduction, health, welfare, and impact on the environment.