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Animal > Animal Husbandry 1 > Flashcards

Animal Husbandry 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define wildlife

A

Any animal that lives in the wild or did so before death

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2
Q

What are some animal products

A 
Insulin(drug) 
Gelatine 
Anitvenom (sheep and horse) 
Shellfish 
Recombinant bioactive proteins
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3
Q

Define animal husbandry

A

Animal connected to the house

Science of caring and breeding farm animals

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4
Q

Define domestication

A

Framing of animal to live in association with humans

Done by generations of breeding leading to loss of ability toe live in wild

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5
Q

How long ago did domestication occur

A

10,000 years ago

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6
Q

What responsibilities are taken on by humans through domestication

A

Breeding

Husbandry

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7
Q

What happens to rate of evolution through domestication

A

Rate is higher

Short cuts evolution

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8
Q

What is a darwin(r)

A

Phenotypic change equivocal to a factor of e over 1 million years

r = weight now - before / time

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9
Q

What is natural Darwin

And livestock Darwin

A

0.1 - 400

380,000

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10
Q

What was the first species to be domesticated

A

Dog

15,000-50,000 years ago

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11
Q

Approx how long ago were other species domesticated

A

8-10 thousand years ago

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12
Q

Define livestock

A

Any animal kept for production

Wool
Milk
Work

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13
Q

Size changes due to domestication

A

Initially reduce in size (easier to manage)

Reach puberty sooner

Size increases over time

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14
Q

What is significant about smaller grazers

A

More efficient than larger grazers (due to bite size and gut surface area)

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15
Q

What happens to dimensions as animal grown

A

Increased volume

Increased surface area

Increased bite size

Increased requirement for food

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16
Q

Skeletal changes in domesticated animal

A

Reduce muscle of fore quarters (initially used for fighting)
Increased muscle of hind quarters

Shorter flatter skull - human preference

17
Q

Fat deposition changes in domesticated animal

A

Increased fat
Deer - 10%
Pig - 40%

Animals selected for meat have more fat within muscle and subcutaneous

Wild - more fat in abdomen

18
Q

What are 3 types of muscle

A

Red type 1 - slow oxidative

Type 2 white fast oxidative glycolytic

Type 2b white fast anaerobic

19
Q

What is change in muscle composition. When domesticated

A

Increase in type 2

For muscle mass

20
Q

Change in organ size due to domestication

A

Reduced

Except race horse

21
Q

What are ruminants known as in terms of family

A

Pecorans

22
Q

What is the family of ruminant mammals

A

Bovidae

23
Q

What is bos

A

Genus of domesticated cattle

24
Q

What separates bos Taurus and bos indicus

A

Region of domestication

25
Q

Taurus

A

Central Europe

North Asia

26
Q

Indicus

A

Southern Asia

27
Q

Africanus

A

Northern African

Animal (3 decks)

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