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VMS 2008 > Animal Health Surveillance > Flashcards

Animal Health Surveillance Flashcards

1
Q

Who knows the status of each animal in the herd/flock?

A
  • stockperson observation
  • Herd Production data
  • Recorded administration of treatments
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2
Q

What is the spectrum that the health of an animal at any point in time lies on?

A

healthy- dead

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3
Q

What is the purpose of surveillance?

A

to quickly identify and remove suspected infected animals in order to protect the population

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4
Q

What is the service that disposes of animals that die on the farm?

A

the fallen stock service

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5
Q

What are the three Tb risk areas?

A

High, Low, Edge

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6
Q

Who funds the scanning surveillance of farm animals?

A

It is mainly funded by DEFRA and devolved governments

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7
Q

What is the presentation of bleeding calf syndrome?

A

blood ‘sweating’
but overall unusual clinical signs

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8
Q

What does bleeding calf syndrome lead to in bone marrow?

A

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopaenia

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9
Q

What is the summary of BNP (bleeding calf syndrome)

A
  • Sporadic cases but they are widely distributed
  • High case fatality rate
  • Dam vaccinations, can enter calves either via colostrum or suckling
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10
Q

What is risk-based surveillance?

A

A surveillance programme in the design of which exposure and risk assessment methods have been applied together with traditional design approaches in order to assure appropriate and cost-effective data collection

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11
Q

What is the aim of syndromic surveillance?

A

aims to detect aberrations in animal health related data that may indicate change in the incidence of an emergic disease or the early detection of a new or re-emerging disease

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12
Q

What are three pieces of data that may inform syndromic surveillance?

A
  1. Production data, e.g milk yield
  2. Clinical data (e.g lab reports)
  3. Lab data
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13
Q

What is surveillance system sensitivity defined as?

A

the proprtion of positive cases that are detected

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14
Q

What is the consequence of a false-positive test?

A
  • Over-estimation of the prevalence
  • Culling of healthy animals
  • Mis-classify the flock
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15
Q

What is the consequence of a false negative test?

A
  • Under-estimation of the prevalence
  • miss-classify the flock
  • miss positive animals so they may transmit the disease
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16
Q

What is sentinel surveillance?

A

evidence of disease in one population indicates an increased risk for another population

17
Q

What must you do if you suspect a notifiable disease in the United Kingdom?

A

Contact APHA (DEFRA) as soon as possible

18
Q

What is the ordering of surveillance?

A
  1. Stockperson observation
  2. Herd production data
  3. Treatment
  4. Veterinary advice
  5. Veterinary lab diagnosis
  6. Laboratory
  7. Abattoir/ Fallen stock
  8. Movement records/ routine data
19
Q

When was bleeding calf syndrome first detected?

A

First detected in GB in April 2009

20
Q

What is syndromic surveillance?

A

Syndromic surveillance is a public health monitoring system that involves the collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of real-time or near-real-time health-related data to detect and respond to potential outbreaks or unusual health events

21
Q

What is the definition of coverage?

A

The proportion of the population of interest that is included in the surveillance system

22
Q

Name 3 notifiable cattle diseases

A
  • BVD
  • Bovine tuberculosis
  • Lumpy skin disease
  • trichomonosis
23
Q

Name 3 notifiable Sheep/Goat diseases

A
  • Salmonelliosis
  • Scrapie
  • Sheep pox
  • aglactia
24
Q

Name 3 notifiable equids diseases

A
  • Dourine
  • Glanders
  • Equine influenza
25
Q

Name 3 notifiable swine diseases

A
  • African swine fever
  • Classical swine fever
  • Nipah virus encephalitis
26
Q

Name 3 notifiable avian diseases

A
  • Avian chlamydiosis
  • Avian infectious bronchitis
  • Avian influenza
  • Pullorum disease
27
Q

Name notifiable diseases for rabbits

A
  • Myxamatosis
  • Rabbit haemorrhagic disease
28
Q

Why may you evaluate the efficacy of a surveillance system?

A
  • For a defined purpose
  • For a defined hazard
  • Within a defined population
  • against key attributes e.g
    organisational
    functional
    performance
    economic

VMS 2008 (25 decks)

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