Animal and Plant Organisation- Paper 1 Flashcards
What is plasma in the blood?
Yellow liquid that carries blood cells, proteins and dissolved substances around the body
What are red blood cells?
Biconcave cells that have haemoglobin - carry oxygen
Name the pigment found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen.
Haemoglobin
Which organ system transports substances to and from body cells?
Circulatory system
State the functions of white blood cells.
Engult pathogens, produce antibodies and antitoxins
How does being biconcave help red blood cells with their function?
Increase SA:V for efficient diffusion
How is not having a nucleus good for red blood cells?
More space to pack more haemoglobin
State the function of platelets.
Blood clotting
Name the blood vessel type that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body.
Artery
Name the blood vessel type that carries blood from the organs back to the heart.
Vein
Name the blood vessel type that is found within organs that link arteries and veins.
Capillaries
State a structural difference between arteries and veins.
A: thicker walls, more elastic tissue, no valves; V: thinner walls, less elastic tissues, have valves
State a difference in the blood flowing in arteries and veins.
A: oxygenated, more nutrients, less wastes; V: deoxygenated, less nutrients, more wastes
The flow of blood in veins relies on ??????
Skeletal muscle contraction
Why can substances diffuse easily between capillaries and the cells?
Thin capillary walls (one cell thick)
What is the double circulatory system?
One part carries blood between heart and lungs; the other carries blood between heart and other organs
Name the vessels that supply oxygen to the heart muscles.
Coronary arteries
Name the large vessel that brings deoxygenated blood back into the heart.
Vena cava
Name the upper chambers of the heart.
Atria
Name the lower chambers of the heart.
Ventricles
Name the vessel that brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary artery
Name the vessel that brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary vein
Which side of the heart has deoxygenated blood - right or left?
Right