angle closure glaucoma

Question 1

presentation of angle closure glaucoma

Answer 1

sudden severe unilateral ache around red eye with blurring of vision associated with severe nausea and may be vomiting. severe loss of vision on affected side (counting fingers). cloudy/hazy cornea and fixed oval pupil

preceded by haloes or blurred vision

pupil dilation becomes worse at night

intraocular pressure is increased

Question 2

Treatment of angle closure glaucoma

Answer 2

this is a medical emergency

IV acetazolamide to treat the acute elevated introcular pressure

pilocarpine drops to reduce IOP

prostaglandin analogues - 1st line, increase outflow of aqueous humour

beta blockers

alpha adrenergic agonists

Question 3

What is the cause of angle closure glaucoma

Answer 3

blockade of flow of aqueous from anterior chamber via the canal of schlemm

Question 4

optic disc changes with glaucoma

Answer 4

cupping

pallor

splinter hemorrhages

raised IOP