Anglais Eval QCM Flashcards
Company (pl. companies):
a business organization that sells goods or services in order to make money;
any entity engaging in business—also called a firm or enterprise (<> society: association of persons,
usually exclusive of business purposes ∆)
Consumer:
an individual who buys products or services for personal use, to satisfy their needs and NOT for manufacture or resale.
Consumption:
using a product or service until it has no remaining value
Customer:
a person, company, or other entity which buys goods and services produced by another
person, company, or other entity
Demand (n.):
the amount of a particular economic good or service that a consumer or group of
consumers will want to purchase at a given price
Economic (adj.):
relating or pertaining (se rapportant) to the economy (<> economical: saving money ∆)
Economics:
the study of how the forces of supply (offre) and demand allocate scarce resources
Economist:
a social scientist who works in or studies the field of economics
(The) Economy:
activities related to the production and distribution of goods and services in a
particular geographic region.
Factors of production:
various resources which contribute to the production of a product or service.
Factory (pl. factories):
a manufacturing ((the making of articles on a large scale using machinery; industrial production.)) facility (place or building), also called a plant
Good (n.):
a tangible commodity or other item that is subject to demand in the market
Input:
anything that is used in a production process. ((inputs are any resources used to create goods and services. Examples of inputs include labor (workers’ time), fuel, materials, buildings, and equipment.))
Labour (US: Labor):
work of any type
Market:
any physical or virtual place where buyers and sellers come together to trade (commercer/echanger) in goods
Opportunity cost:
the value of something that is lost because you choose an alternative course of
action
-
Le coût de renonciation :
Output:
the quantity of goods or services produced, in a given time period, by a firm, industry, or
country
Policy (pl. policies):
a plan or course of action, as of a government, political party, or business,
intended to influence and determine decisions, actions, and other matters
Productivity:
the amount of output per unit of input (labour, equipment, and capital); productivity is
often taken to measure efficiency
Raw materials:
unfinished goods consumed by a manufacturer in providing finished goods ((Examples of raw materials include steel, oil, corn, grain, gasoline, lumber, forest resources, plastic, natural gas, coal, and minerals.))
Resource:
a person, asset, material, or capital which can be used to accomplish a goal
Scarcity:
a lack of supply of some commodity or item
Supply:
the total amount of a good or service available for purchase; along with demand, one of the
two key determinants of price
Want (n.):
something that is desired or needed; the need itself
Account (n.):
an arrangement by which an organization (e.g. a bank) holds funds on behalf of a client
-un accord par lequel une organisation (par exemple, une banque) détient des fonds pour le compte d’un client.
Asset:
any possession that has money value
ATM (Automated Teller Machine):
a machine, usually in a wall outside a bank, shop, etc. from which
you can take money out of your bank account using a special card
-
distributeur automatique
Bank:
a financial institution licensed to receive deposits ( recevoir des dépôts,) , make loans (octroyer des prêts), and provide other financial
services to its customers
Barter:
troc
Central bank:
a monopolized and often nationalized institution given privileged control over the
production and distribution of money and credit
Claim:
a right to have something or get something from someone
Coin:
a small, round piece of metal, usually silver or copper (cuivre ) coloured, that is used as money
Coinage metals:
metals which have historically been used to mint (frapper) coins, such as copper, silver and
gold
-
Métaux pour monnaies :
Coinage metals:
metals which have historically been used to mint (frapper) coins, such as copper, silver and
gold
-
Métaux pour monnaies :
Currency:
any form of money issued by a government or central bank and used as legal tender and a
basis for trade (e.g. US Dollar, British Pound, etc.)
Deposit (n.):
money left with a person or organization, especially a bank, for safekeeping, or as
security, or to bear interest
-
depot: argent confié à une personne ou à une organisation, notamment une banque, pour être conservé, ou comme
garantie, ou pour porter intérêt
Exchange rate:
the price of a nation’s currency in terms of another currency
Income:
Money that an individual or business receives in exchange for providing a good or service
-revenu La différence entre revenu et salaire est que “revenu” est ce qu’on retire annuellement d’un domaine, d’un emploi, d’une pension, d’une constitution de rente, etc tandis que “salaire” est rémunération pour un travail.
Inflation:
a general, continuous increase in prices
Legal tender:
medium of payment, (le moyen de paiement, ) such as coin and paper money, declared by law to be valid and
sufficient for the payment of debts and commercial transactions
-
Legal tender is a form of money that courts of law are required to recognize as satisfactory payment for any monetary debt.
-
cours legal: Se dit d’une forme de monnaie (par exemple, un chèque, ou des billets, ou des pièces) ou un type de monnaie (par exemple l’euro) que les autorités monétaires font obligation aux créanciers de devoir accepter en règlement de leurs créances, éventuellement jusqu’à un certain montant.
Loan:
an arrangement in which a lender gives money to a borrower, and the borrower agrees to
repay the money, usually along with interest, at some future point(s) in time
-
pret/credit/emprunt
Monetary policy:
economic strategy chosen by a government in deciding expansion or contraction in
the country’s money-supply
-
politique monetaire
Monetary system:
set of mechanisms by which a government provides money (cash) in a country’s
economy. It usually consists of a mint, central bank, and commercial banks
-
syst monetaire: ensemble de règles et d’institutions visant à organiser la monnaie.
Note (Banknote):
un billet
Price:
the sum or amount of money or its equivalent for which anything is bought, sold, or offered for
sale
Rate of interest (or Interest rate):
the percentage (usually on an annual basis) that is paid by the
borrower to the lender for a loan of money
-
Taux d’intérêt (ou taux d’intérêt) :
Retail:
the sale of goods to ultimate consumers (consommateurs finaux = Consommateur qui utilise un bien ou un service pour son usage personnel en vue de satisfaire directement un besoin.) , usually in small quantities (opposed to wholesale)
Subsistence economy:
a non-monetary economy which relies on natural resources to provide for
basic needs, through hunting, gathering, and subsistence agriculture
-
Économie de subsistance
Supplier:
a person or organization that provides something needed such as a product or service-
FNR
Wage:
money that is received from an employer for work or services, as by the hour, day, or week
-salaire (un salaire est bien une forme de revenu, c’est à dire une rétribution salariale en contre-partie d’un travail fourni,)
Wealth:
a great quantity or store of money, valuable possessions, property, or other riches
-richesse
Wholesale:
the business of selling things in large amounts to other businesses rather than to
individual customers (opposed to retail)
