Aneurysm Flashcards
Aneurysm
Affect 30-60/1000 especially males
Increased with aging due to Aa widen/stiffen/lengthen
Pulsating abdominal mass
Ass. To PVD/CAD
False aneurysm
Collection of blood between musc ext. and TA
BVW defect leading to EV hematoma
Sac is made of surrounding compressed tissues
True aneurysm
Involves all 3 layers of BVW TA/TM/intima
Permanent localised dilation if >50% (increased diameter)
Arteriomegaly/ectasia
Enlarged/elongated/tortuous Aa in elderly
Diffuse dilation of less than 50%
Etiology of aneurysm
Ath/syphillis/dissection/HTN/ischemia and cystic medial necrosis (LO elastic and SM tissues)
CT disorders (Marfans/ehlers danlos)
Family history
Lysyl oxidase deficiency (reduced collagen/elastin synthesis)
Vit C deficiency/vasculitis/pregnancy/trauma/IE/aortic coarctation (narrow DA)/pop Aa entrapment syndrome
Aneurysm location
Coronary splenic renal cerebral iliac Aa
Classification
True or false
Fusiform- spindle shaped and involves whole circumference
Spindle- small segment of BVW ballooning due to weakness
Berry- congenital type
Brain aneurysm
Berry/saccular/fusiform
Affect middle cerebral/int carotid/basilar/vertebral/anterior communicating arteries
Aortic aneurysm
Ass. to carotid artery stenosis
Affects males >50 years smokers 8:1 M:F
Thoracic aorta aneurysm
Ass. To CT disorders and HTN
Dysphagia/resp difficulty/pain/cough/valve dysfunction/rupture
Abdominal aorta aneurysm
Affects young people and those who have Aortitis (BVW weak)
Saccular/fusiform
Below renal artery and hove bifurcation
15cm X 25cm
Affect renal/Iliac/inf. Mesenteric arteries by extension of occlusion by thrombi
Pathogenesis
Aorta wall weakened
Increased collagenase and elastase activity (
Clinical manifestations
Asymptomatic/early satiety/pain @abd/back/flank
Obstruction/ischemia injury/embolism/compression of adjacent structures
PL. rupture-pain/A. rupture fatal (when more than 5cm)
IVC/SVC rupture >aorto-caval fistula
