Aneurysm

Question 1

Classification of aneurysms

Answer 1

SaccularFusiformDissectingBerryCharcot-BouchardInfective

Question 2

Causes of aneurysm

Answer 2

AtherosclerosisVasculitisCongenital or acquired weaknessHTN

Question 3

Where are aortic aneurysms normally found?

Answer 3

Abdominal aorta between renal and iliac birfucation

Question 4

Where are aortic aneurysms normally found?

Answer 4

Abdominal aorta between renal and iliac birfucation

Question 5

What is the risk of rupture based on?

Answer 5

Size of aneurysm if > 5cm, HTN or COAD

Question 6

Sx of aortic aneurysm

Answer 6

Usually asymptomaticIf ruptured:- Back or abdo pain, tearing sensation, shock, pulsatile abdo mass, reduced lower limb pulses (femoral pulse weak)Ix with CT w/ contrast

Question 7

Define proximal aortic aneurysms

Answer 7

Aortic root dilation with aortic valve regurgitationUsually secondary to athero or Marfan’s yndrome and rarely due to syphilis

Question 8

Complications of aneurysms

Answer 8

ThrombosisThromboembolismLeakage and ruptureExpansion and compression on surrounding structure

Question 9

Define dissecting aneurysms

Answer 9

= weakening of arterial medial layer

Question 10

Cause of dissecting aneurysms

Answer 10

Atherosclerosis and marfans

Question 11

Location of dissecting aneurysms

Answer 11

Proximal aorta

Question 12

Define proximal aortic aneurysms

Answer 12

Aortic root dilation with aortic valve regurgitationUsually secondary to atherosclerosis or Marfan’s syndrome and rarely due to syphilis

Question 13

Location of dissecting aneurysms

Answer 13

Proximal aorta

Question 14

Types of dissecting aneurysms

Answer 14

Type A:Type B

Question 15

Complications

Answer 15

1. Rupture into surrounding2. Dissect proximally causing haemopericardium and tamponade3. Dissect distally causing disruption of aortic branches = carotids, vertebral (paraplegic), renal arteries

Question 16

Cause of cardiac aneursym

Answer 16

Develop at sites of MIBulge outwardsLumen often filled with laminated blood clotUsually not a site of ventricular ruptureReduced cardiac function

Question 17

Cerebral arteries aneurysms

Answer 17

A. Berry aneurysm:Occur at branch points in circle of WillisSite of congenital weaknessAneurysm not present at birthRisk of rupture related to size and episodes of HTN 40% at ACASx - thunder

Question 18

Charcot bouchard

Answer 18

B. Charcot bouchard aneurysmsoccur in straight segments of small (1mm) intracerebral arteries xx