Aneuploidy Flashcards
How many chromosomes
46
How many pairs of chromosomes
23
Chromosomes made of
DNA and Proteins
Extra or missing chromosome
Aneuploidy
2 full chromosome set #
2n
an organism that contains 2n chromosomes (or other multiple of n)
Euploid
eu-
good
Haploid sex cell #
n=23
Normal chromosome #
2n=46
When an organism has only 1 copy of a chromosome
monosomy
When an organism has a third copy of a chromosome
Trisomy
Monosomy #
2n-1
Trisomy #
2n+1=47
When cells have 2 or more missing or extra chromosomes
Polyploidy
What causes chromosome number disorders
Nondisjunction
Pairs of homologous chromosomes fail to separate
Nondisjunction
Non-sex chromosome
Autosome
True or False, missing copy of autosome is lethal
True
True or False, most autosomal trisosomies are lethal
True
Most common trisomy that is mostly not lethal
Down syndrome
Other name for Down syndrome
trisomy 21
Image of chromosomes
karyotype
When human cells shut down extra x chromosome
X-inactivation
XX
female
XY
male
Patau syndrome
Trisomy 13
Edwards syndrome
TRisomy 18
Turner syndrome
45,X
Women missing one X chromosome
Turner syndrome (45,X)
Klinefelter Syndrome
47,XXY
Men born with extra X
Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)
Jacobs syndrome
47,XYY
Men have an extra Y chromosome
47,XYY (Jacobs Syndrome)
Females have an extra X
47, XXX (Trisomy X or Triple X syndrome)
47,XXX
Trisomy X or Triple X syndrome
