anesthetics Flashcards
what is the purpose of anesthetics?
- stops pain
- stops burning/stinging associated with dilation
what is the mechanism of action for anesthetics?
-suppress corneal and conjunctival sensitivity
what does combining two or more topical anesthetics do?
- does not produce an additive effect
- does increase the risk of side effects
what is the MOST COMMON side effect?
mild stinging and burning
if a patient is allergic to one anesthetic, what should you do? THE PATIENT HAS HYPERSENSITIVITY
- use another one
- there is little cross reactivity among anesthetics
should you use anesthetics when you want to see what kind of infection a patient has?
- nope
- they kill culture
- proparacaine is the least toxic
should you use anesthetics for dry eye testing?
- nope
- youll get a false positive from epithelial toxicity
pachymetry
-transient corneal swelling following anesthetic use which can throw off test
do anesthetics have enothelial or exothelial toxicity?
both
proparacrine
- 0.5% solution
- should be tightly sealed, opaque, refrigerated
should you use proparacrine if it is yellow?
- nope
- keep in refrigeration to slow decoloration
toxicity of proparacrine
- low systemic toxicity
- poor penetration of conjunctiva and cornea
why is proparacrine awesome?
- low corneal toxicity
- least bacteriocidal
- least unconfortable
what is the goal of eye drop instillation?
-deliver a full dose of the drug to the eye while minimizing systemic exposer and maximizing patient safety and comfort
should you inform your patient the drops might sting?
duh
what is the preferred method for routine eye drop instillation?
inferior fornix delivery
why is inferior fornix delivery awesome?
- maximizes ocular contact time
- minimizes drug loss
- increases ocular absorption
- decrease systemic absorption
what is the purpose of punctal occlusion?
- minimize drainage of medication into nasolacrimal apparatus
- decrease systemic absorption through nasal mucosa
- cant taste it
medial canthus delivery
- for lower anxiety
- EYES ARE CLOSED
- drop in medial canthus
- blink
spray bottle method
- lower anxiety
- CLOSED EYES
- spray
- blink
- wipe excess
advantage of spray bottle
- equivalent to eye drops
- less burning
disadvantage of spray bottle
- not precise
- not an absolute dose
- drug contamination?
- most meds arent made for this technique
pledgets
- lower anxiety
- cotton swab saturated with drug solution then placed in eye
