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Adv Anes. Pharm Spring 2024 > Anesthesia Vocabulary > Flashcards

Anesthesia Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

a drug that activates its receptor upon binding

A

Agonist

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2
Q

Drug that binds to a receptor without activating that receptor

A

Antagonist

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3
Q

A pharmacologic antagonist that can be overcome by increasing the concentration of agonist

A

Competitive Antagonism

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4
Q

Another name: Allsteric inhibitor

An antagonist that prevents the biological response of an agonist without competing with the agonist on the same binding site on the receptor.

A

Non - Competitive Antagonism

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5
Q

A drug that binds to its receptor but produces a smaller effect (Emax) at full agaonist

A

Partial Agonist

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6
Q

Shut down the reponse does not allow the active drug to bing to the site

A

Inverse Agonist

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7
Q

Decrease reponse to the same drug

A

Tolerance

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8
Q

What the body does to the drug

ADME

A

Pharmacokinetics

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9
Q

represents the dilution volume at the instant the drug is introduced into the plasma

A

Central Volume

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10
Q

tissue receiving high arteial flow

A

Vessel Rich Group

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11
Q

reactions and processes where the rate and half-life are independent of the reactants’ concentrations.

A

Zero - Order Processes

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12
Q

a constant percentage of the drug is lost per unit time.

A

First - Order processes

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13
Q

a dependent variable, related directly to volume of distribution and inversely to clearance

A

Elminination Half -time

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14
Q

time of body to eliminatie 50% of drug

A

Elminination Half - Life

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15
Q

defined as the time taken for blood plasma concentration of a drug to decline by one half after an infusion designed to maintain a steady state has been stopped

A

Context - sensitive Half -time

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16
Q

the rate at which a drug is removed from plasma(mg/min) divided by the concentration of that drug in the plasma (mg/mL)

A

Clearance

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17
Q

What the drug does to the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

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18
Q

the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules

A

Stereochemistry

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19
Q

a moleucle with a center of 3 dimenstional asymmetry

A

Chirality

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20
Q

Pairs of molecules that are mirror images

A

Enantiomerism

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21
Q

enantiomers present in equal proportion

A

Racemic

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22
Q

Focus on the gene (not everyone respone the same to same drug)

A

Phamacogenetics

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23
Q

temporary loss of recall

A

Amnesia

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24
Q

is the most effective way to protect the public from a defective or potentially harmful product

A

Recall

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25
Q

altered level of consicousness
Minimal, Moderate, deep

A

Sedation (3 depths)

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26
Q

an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery. The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line

A

General Anesthesia

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27
Q

the inability to feel pain

A

Analgesia

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28
Q

Pain reponse from typically non-painful stimulation

A

Allodynia

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29
Q

An abnormally increased sensitivity to pain

A

Hyperalgesia

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30
Q

the enhancement of a directly elicited drug effect, though adaptive, appears to represent facilitation within a system

A

Sensitization

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31
Q

occurs when a health condition affects the nerves that carry sensations to your brain

A

Neuropathic pain

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32
Q

Pain related to muscles, skeleton

A

Somatic pain

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33
Q

pain related to activation of noicreptors in throrax, abdomen, pelivs

A

Visceral pain

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34
Q

pain in a nerve pathway

A

Neuralgia

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35
Q

rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug, rendering it less effective

A

Tachyphylaxis

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36
Q

combination of 2 drugs with summative effects

A

additive

37
Q

Combination of 2 drugs with greater than summative effects

A

Synergistic

38
Q

The largest effect that can be achieved with a particular drug, regardless of dose, E Max

A

Efficacy

39
Q

The amount of concentration of drug required to produce a specified effeect, ususally (EC 50) or (ED50)

A

Potency

40
Q

is the dose of a medication that produces a specific effect in 50% of the population that takes that dose

A

Medain effective dose (ED50)

41
Q

The dose at which a substance is lethal for 50% of animals tested (usually mice). LD50

A

Median Lethal Dose (LD50)

42
Q

A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective

A

Therapeutic Index

43
Q

is caused by injury, surgery, illness, trauma or painful medical procedures. It serves as a warning of disease or a threat to the body. It generally lasts for a short period of time, and usually disappears when the underlying cause has been treated or has healed

A

Acute Pain

44
Q

pain that lasts for over three months

A

Chronic Pain

45
Q

Agonist

A

A drug that activates its receptor upon binding

46
Q

Partial agonist

A

A drug that binds to its receptor but produces a smalleer effect (Emax) at full agaonist

47
Q

Potency

A

The amount of concentration of drug required to produce a specified effeect, ususally (EC 50) or (ED50)

48
Q

Efficacy

A

The largest effect that can be achieved with a particular drug, regardless of dose, E Max

49
Q

Competitive antagonist

A

A pharmacologic antagonist that can be overcome by increasing the concentration of agonist

50
Q

Phramacodynamics

A

What the drug does to the body

51
Q

Pharmacogenomics

A

Focus on the gene (not everyone respone the same to same drug)

52
Q

Elimitination Half- life

A

a dependent variable, related directly to volume of distribution and inversely to clearance

53
Q

Toleracnce

A

Decrease reponse to the same drug

54
Q

Somatic pain

A

Pain related to muscles, skeleton

55
Q

Visceral Pain

A

pain related to activation of noireceptors
in throrax, abdomen, pelivs

56
Q

Synergistic

A

Combination of 2 drugs with greater than summative effects

57
Q

Additive

A

combination of 2 drugs with summative effects

58
Q

Antagonist

A

Drug that binds to a receptor without activating that receptor

59
Q

Inverse Agonist

A

Shut down
the reponse does not allow the active drug to bing to the site

60
Q

Non-competivite antagonist

A

An antagonist that prevents the biological response of an agonist without competing with the agonist on the same binding site on the receptor.

61
Q

Pharmacokinetics

ADME

A

What the body does to the drug

62
Q

Central Volume

A

represents the dilution volume at the instant the drug is introduced into the plasma

63
Q

Vessel Rich Group

A

tissue receiving high arteial flow

64
Q

Zero - Order Processes

A

reactions and processes where the rate and half-life are independent of the reactants’ concentrations.

65
Q

First - Order processes

A

a constant percentage of the drug is lost per unit time.

66
Q

Elimination Half- life

A

the length of time required for the concentration of a particular substance (typically a drug) to decrease to half of its starting dose in the body

67
Q

Context - sensitive Half -time

A

defined as the time taken for blood plasma concentration of a drug to decline by one half after an infusion designed to maintain a steady state has been stopped

68
Q

Clearance

A

the rate at which a drug is removed from plasma(mg/min) divided by the concentration of that drug in the plasma (mg/mL)

69
Q

Stereochemistry

A

the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules

70
Q

Chirality

A

a moleucle with a center of 3 dimenstional asymmetry

71
Q

Enantiomerism

A

Pairs of molecules that are mirror images

72
Q

Racemic

A

enantiomers present in equal proportion

73
Q

Amnesia

A

temporary loss of recall

74
Q

Sedation (3 depths)

A

altered level of consicousness
Minimal, Moderate, deep

75
Q

General Anesthesia

A

an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery. The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line

76
Q

Analgsia

A

the inability to feel pain

77
Q

Allodynia

A

Pain reponse from typically non-painful stimulation

78
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

An abnormally increased sensitivity to pain

79
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

occurs when a health condition affects the nerves that carry sensations to your brain

80
Q

Sensitization

A

the enhancement of a directly elicited drug effect, though adaptive, appears to represent facilitation within a system

81
Q

Neuralgia

A

pain in a nerve pathway

82
Q

Tachyphylaxis

A

rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug, rendering it less effective

83
Q

Median Lethal Dose (LD50)

A

The dose at which a substance is lethal for 50% of animals tested (usually mice). LD50

84
Q

Recall

A

is the most effective way to protect the public from a defective or potentially harmful product

85
Q

Medain effective dose (ED50)

A

is the dose of a medication that produces a specific effect in 50% of the population that takes that dose

86
Q

therapeutic index

A

A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective

87
Q

Acute Pain

A

caused by injury, surgery, illness, trauma or painful medical procedures. It serves as a warning of disease or a threat to the body. It generally lasts for a short period of time, and usually disappears when the underlying cause has been treated or has healed

88
Q

Chronic Pain

A

pain that lasts for over three months

Adv Anes. Pharm Spring 2024 (7 decks)

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