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Adv Anes. Pharm Spring 2024 > Anesthesia Vocabulary > Flashcards

Anesthesia Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

a drug that activates its receptor upon binding

A

Agonist

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2
Q

Drug that binds to a receptor without activating that receptor

A

Antagonist

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3
Q

A pharmacologic antagonist that can be overcome by increasing the concentration of agonist

A

Competitive Antagonism

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4
Q

Another name: Allsteric inhibitor

An antagonist that prevents the biological response of an agonist without competing with the agonist on the same binding site on the receptor.

A

Non - Competitive Antagonism

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5
Q

A drug that binds to its receptor but produces a smaller effect (Emax) at full agaonist

A

Partial Agonist

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6
Q

Shut down the reponse does not allow the active drug to bing to the site

A

Inverse Agonist

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7
Q

Decrease reponse to the same drug

A

Tolerance

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8
Q

What the body does to the drug

ADME

A

Pharmacokinetics

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9
Q

represents the dilution volume at the instant the drug is introduced into the plasma

A

Central Volume

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10
Q

tissue receiving high arteial flow

A

Vessel Rich Group

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11
Q

reactions and processes where the rate and half-life are independent of the reactants’ concentrations.

A

Zero - Order Processes

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12
Q

a constant percentage of the drug is lost per unit time.

A

First - Order processes

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13
Q

a dependent variable, related directly to volume of distribution and inversely to clearance

A

Elminination Half -time

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14
Q

time of body to eliminatie 50% of drug

A

Elminination Half - Life

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15
Q

defined as the time taken for blood plasma concentration of a drug to decline by one half after an infusion designed to maintain a steady state has been stopped

A

Context - sensitive Half -time

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16
Q

the rate at which a drug is removed from plasma(mg/min) divided by the concentration of that drug in the plasma (mg/mL)

A

Clearance

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17
Q

What the drug does to the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

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18
Q

the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules

A

Stereochemistry

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19
Q

a moleucle with a center of 3 dimenstional asymmetry

A

Chirality

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20
Q

Pairs of molecules that are mirror images

A

Enantiomerism

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21
Q

enantiomers present in equal proportion

A

Racemic

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22
Q

Focus on the gene (not everyone respone the same to same drug)

A

Phamacogenetics

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23
Q

temporary loss of recall

A

Amnesia

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24
Q

is the most effective way to protect the public from a defective or potentially harmful product

A

Recall

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25
altered level of consicousness Minimal, Moderate, deep
Sedation (3 depths)
26
an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery. The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line
General Anesthesia
27
the inability to feel pain
Analgesia
28
Pain reponse from typically non-painful stimulation
Allodynia
29
An abnormally increased sensitivity to pain
Hyperalgesia
30
the enhancement of a directly elicited drug effect, though adaptive, appears to represent facilitation within a system
Sensitization
31
occurs when a health condition affects the nerves that carry sensations to your brain
Neuropathic pain
32
Pain related to muscles, skeleton
Somatic pain
33
pain related to activation of noicreptors in throrax, abdomen, pelivs
Visceral pain
34
pain in a nerve pathway
Neuralgia
35
rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug, rendering it less effective
Tachyphylaxis
36
combination of 2 drugs with summative effects
additive
37
Combination of 2 drugs with greater than summative effects
Synergistic
38
The largest effect that can be achieved with a particular drug, regardless of dose, E Max
Efficacy
39
The amount of concentration of drug required to produce a specified effeect, ususally (EC 50) or (ED50)
Potency
40
is the dose of a medication that produces a specific effect in 50% of the population that takes that dose
Medain effective dose (ED50)
41
The dose at which a substance is lethal for 50% of animals tested (usually mice). LD50
Median Lethal Dose (LD50)
42
A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective
Therapeutic Index
43
is caused by injury, surgery, illness, trauma or painful medical procedures. It serves as a warning of disease or a threat to the body. It generally lasts for a short period of time, and usually disappears when the underlying cause has been treated or has healed
Acute Pain
44
pain that lasts for over three months
Chronic Pain
45
Agonist
A drug that activates its receptor upon binding
46
Partial agonist
A drug that binds to its receptor but produces a smalleer effect (Emax) at full agaonist
47
Potency
The amount of concentration of drug required to produce a specified effeect, ususally (EC 50) or (ED50)
48
Efficacy
The largest effect that can be achieved with a particular drug, regardless of dose, E Max
49
Competitive antagonist
A pharmacologic antagonist that can be overcome by increasing the concentration of agonist
50
Phramacodynamics
What the drug does to the body
51
Pharmacogenomics
Focus on the gene (not everyone respone the same to same drug)
52
Elimitination Half- life
a dependent variable, related directly to volume of distribution and inversely to clearance
53
Toleracnce
Decrease reponse to the same drug
54
Somatic pain
Pain related to muscles, skeleton
55
Visceral Pain
pain related to activation of noireceptors in throrax, abdomen, pelivs
56
Synergistic
Combination of 2 drugs with greater than summative effects
57
Additive
combination of 2 drugs with summative effects
58
Antagonist
Drug that binds to a receptor without activating that receptor
59
Inverse Agonist
Shut down the reponse does not allow the active drug to bing to the site
60
Non-competivite antagonist
An antagonist that prevents the biological response of an agonist without competing with the agonist on the same binding site on the receptor.
61
Pharmacokinetics | ADME
What the body does to the drug
62
Central Volume
represents the dilution volume at the instant the drug is introduced into the plasma
63
Vessel Rich Group
tissue receiving high arteial flow
64
Zero - Order Processes
reactions and processes where the rate and half-life are independent of the reactants' concentrations.
65
First - Order processes
a constant percentage of the drug is lost per unit time.
66
Elimination Half- life
the length of time required for the concentration of a particular substance (typically a drug) to decrease to half of its starting dose in the body
67
Context - sensitive Half -time
defined as the time taken for blood plasma concentration of a drug to decline by one half after an infusion designed to maintain a steady state has been stopped
68
Clearance
the rate at which a drug is removed from plasma(mg/min) divided by the concentration of that drug in the plasma (mg/mL)
69
Stereochemistry
the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules
70
Chirality
a moleucle with a center of 3 dimenstional asymmetry
71
Enantiomerism
Pairs of molecules that are mirror images
72
Racemic
enantiomers present in equal proportion
73
Amnesia
temporary loss of recall
74
Sedation (3 depths)
altered level of consicousness Minimal, Moderate, deep
75
General Anesthesia
an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery. The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line
76
Analgsia
the inability to feel pain
77
Allodynia
Pain reponse from typically non-painful stimulation
78
Hyperalgesia
An abnormally increased sensitivity to pain
79
Neuropathic pain
occurs when a health condition affects the nerves that carry sensations to your brain
80
Sensitization
the enhancement of a directly elicited drug effect, though adaptive, appears to represent facilitation within a system
81
Neuralgia
pain in a nerve pathway
82
Tachyphylaxis
rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug, rendering it less effective
83
Median Lethal Dose (LD50)
The dose at which a substance is lethal for 50% of animals tested (usually mice). LD50
84
Recall
is the most effective way to protect the public from a defective or potentially harmful product
85
Medain effective dose (ED50)
is the dose of a medication that produces a specific effect in 50% of the population that takes that dose
86
therapeutic index
A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective
87
Acute Pain
caused by injury, surgery, illness, trauma or painful medical procedures. It serves as a warning of disease or a threat to the body. It generally lasts for a short period of time, and usually disappears when the underlying cause has been treated or has healed
88
Chronic Pain
pain that lasts for over three months

Adv Anes. Pharm Spring 2024 (7 decks)

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